A composite ceramic material has been developed for thermal spraying that permits to increase wear resistance due to introduction of high-chromium steel and molybdenum in its structure, to obtain optimum porosity in the starting charge material while synthesizing  FeCrMo – MoS₂/CaF₂/С – TiC compositions,  to improve technological parameters of powders and thereby increase coefficient of powder usage in spraying, to reduce cost of wear-resistant coating technology. The paper presents characteristics and parameters of the developed material and coating which is based on it. Methodology is based on  complex metallographical, X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy investigations of structural elements of composite plasma coatings. Main components of composite particles are solid solutions based on iron, titanium carbides, solid lubricant inclusions in the form of molybdenum disulfide, calcium fluoride, carbon. Presence of such powder particles predetermines obtaining wear-resistant coatings which are rather efficient in case of molecular and mechanical and abrasive wear-out under disadvantageous friction conditions (boundary lubrication or absence of lubrication material, elevated temperature actions).  The contemplated powders are characterized by complex geometric shape and developed surface relief of particles. There has been observed a stable distribution of hard carbide phase in volumes of deposited materials and absence of superficial zone with deficit of TiC inclusions that positively influence on working capacity of the investigated wear-resistant coatings. Plasma coatings which have been deposited with the help of  FeCrMo – MoS₂ – TiC powders in accordance with the technology developed by authors have better wear resistance in case of dry friction in a steel 45 (coating wear-out is less by 1.2-fold; scoring load is higher by 1.2-fold) than a coating which has been obtained with the help of Ni80Cr20 – 12 % MoS₂ – 50 % TiC powder. In such a case coating adhesive strength is increased by 1.23-fold and and powder cost lower is decreased by 1.5-fold. Thus plasma wear-resistant coatings  obtained while using FeCrMo – MoS₂/CaF₂/carbon – TiC composite powders are considered as prospective for restoration and hardening of steel parts which are operating under disadvantageous friction conditions.

The article is devoted to the experimental evaluation of the efficacy of electrical discharge machining (modification) worn cylindrical working surface of the steel of boron in order to restore its cutting ability. It provides basic information

about steel dental forests, including their structure and the main stages of production. It is noted that for such resource hog maximum computing time is about 9 minutes and then further worn drills are used and recycled. Based on an analysis of previous studies on the use of EDM surface modification of the wire, tape and disk recovery tools grounded prospect worn cutting ability of the working surface of the steel by its boron EDM with a view to its use in dental practice as well as in the production of dental products. Provides basic information about how to conduct experimental studies, including a description of the device for modifying the EDM worn working surface boron, as well as the device to determine its cutting ability on the intensity of cutting them a sample of the PCB. It was established experimentally that the resulting EDM modifying worn working surface boron therein forming wells having on the edges of the metal beading beyond the original contour of the surface, the height of which increases as the process of modifying U voltages on the storage capacitor, which leads to an increase in surface finish diameter boron. It has been shown that these spatter justified regarded as a kind of cutting elements (teeth) on the modified surface of the boron, giving it a worn surface of the cutting ability. It was established experimentally that the spark erosion boron worn surface modification can restore its cutting performance with respect to the original when U = 75 to 33.3%, and when U = 120 V - 43%, indicating a relatively high recovery efficiency of the proposed method of cutting the ability of the worn surface of steel dental burs.

Dynamics of huge renovated lathe is simulated. Turning scheme concerns to heavy rotor shaft finishing. Lofty parts and milling head may create dynamic problems. Static, modal and harmonic frequency response function simulations were provided. Bearing system consists of bed, support, tool, lunettes, tailstock. Headstock didn’t take part in shaft holding. Static and dynamic rigidities founded 3–4 times less for support than for shaft. Tool rigidity lessens from 186.5 to 11.9 N/µm for speeding from slow to near resonance turning. Twelve lathe eigenmodes were evaluated. Two eigenmodes are most dangerous. It is “shaft swinging on lunettes” (M1, 26.7 Hz) and “support pecking” (M3, 54.4 Hz). Bed has excessive flexibility due to through holes and lack of inner ribbing. Polymer concrete filling is moderately effective. Changing two-lunette (2L) scheme to three-lunette (3L) increases rigidity of shaft at 2.09 times at statics but gives limited action in dynamics. Resonant peaks on frequency response function are lowered only at 1.32 times for M1, M3. Effect of dynamic damping is revealed under condition of proximity middle lunette to lofty support. Support serves as tuned mass damper. Measures of machine tool reinforcement are simulated. Shaft swinging according to M1 may hardly be blocked by passive means. It would be better to bypass it. “Support pecking” resonance (M3) succumbs to only full set of measures. Small effect of partial reinforcement is predicted. Three frequency intervals are recommended for turn-milling at huge lathe: pre-resonant (<20 Hz), inter-resonant (35–45 Hz) and post-resonant (>65 Hz). The last one is more suited. Next design step is to create triangle inner ribbing system or caissons inside of bed.

For the purpose of increase of reliability and durability of roller forming installation the combined mode of back and forth motion of the forming cart on acceleration of the third order is calculated. Kinematic characteristics of the forming cart at the combined back and forth motion mode on acceleration of the third order are calculated. The design of the drive of installation in a type of the cam mechanism is developed and the cam profile for providing the combined mode of back and forth motion of the forming cart is constructed. Use in installation of the specified driving mechanism leads to improvement of quality of a surface to the processed concrete mix, reduction of dynamic loadings in elements of the driving mechanism, to disappearance of excess destructive loads of a frame design and, respectively, to increase of reliability and durability of installation in general.

The paper contains substantiated expediency in application of machine tools for manufacturing lenses with low stiffness which make it possible to process simultaneously both actuating surfaces of optical parts. While doing so there is a possibility not only to improve quality of parts due to exclusion of their deformation at the blocking stage but there is also a possibility to ensure significant increase in productivity of the process which pre-supposes shape-formation of high-precision non-process optical elements and also to decrease energy consumption per unit of production. A basic diagram of the machine tool for simultaneous processing of two-sided optical parts with spherical surfaces under conditions of free lapping is presented in the paper. The paper describes the essence of the free lapping method which is one of the most widely used methods in optical instrument-making while obtaining parts with precision actuating surfaces. Methodology for determination of technological equipment settings that ensure uniform stock removal along the whole surface to be machined and also its forced removal as in the central zone of a work-piece, so along its periphery and it is necessary in order to correct macro defects in the form of “hump” or “hole”. The paper proposes methodology for determination of sensitivity in stock removal intensity in respect of changes pertaining to machine tool settings and efficiency of these settings while making corrections of lens macro defects. It has been revealed that maximum sensitivity in stock removal occurs in the case when we change a tool diameter. As for efficiency of the technological equipment settings it has been established that in order to rectify macro defects in the form “hump” or “pit” it is more expedient to change rotation ratio of the tool and the part. Experimental tests on lens processing have been executed and they adequately correlate with the results of theoretical investigations. 

Computational researches the effect of composition of fuel containing butanol on working process parameters of 4ЧН 11/12,5 diesel engine on the external speed characteristic have been conducted. Nominal power is 140 kW at engine speed 2300 min–1. The engine is equipped with gas turbine pressure charging with intercooling of charging air, accumulator-type fuel-handling system. Calculations of the working process have been made in accordance with the developed computer program and models. Investigations have been carried out in two stages: without any changes in regulation of fuel-handling system and with cyclic fuel delivery that ensure such value of excess air factor at various operational modes which corresponds to the operation with diesel fuel. All the obtained results have been analyzed in the paper. The paper shows changes in mean indicated pressure, specific indicated fuel consumption, indicated efficiency, specific nitrogen oxides emissions for various modes in question while using 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 % mixture of diesel fuel with butanol. Dependences of parameters pertaining to diesel operation have been determined according to external speed characteristic for various mixtures and the obtained data make it possible to justify parameters of the fuel-handling system. It has been recommended to use a diesel fuel-butanol mixture containing 15 % of butanol without any changes in regulating and design engine parameters. It has been revealed that in order to improve parameters of the engine operational process mixture composition must be changed while changing the operational mode. An injector nozzle with a compound needle for the fuel-handling system has been developed and it allows to change fuel composition according to engine operational mode.

Quality of surface cleaning against corrosion influences on efficiency in realization of a number of technological processes. While using bentonite clays in power fluid reverse-blast cleaning ensures formation of anticorrosion protective coating with light absorbing properties on the cleaned surface and prevents formation of the repeated corrosion. The paper presents results of the investigations pertaining to influence of reverse-blast cleaning parameters of steel sheets on quality of the cleaned surface prior to laser cutting. Processing conditions, applied compositions of power fluid and also properties of the protective film coatings on the cleaned surface have been given in the paper. The paper considers topography, morphology and chemical composition of the given coating while applying complex metal micrographic, X-ray diffraction and electronic and microscopic investigations. A complex of laser cutting (refer to gas lasers) with output continuous capacity of 2.5/4.0 kW has been applied for experimental works to evaluate influence of the formed surface quality on efficiency of laser cutting process. Specimens having dimension 120×120 mm, made of steel Ст3пс, with thickness from 3 to 10 mm have been prepared for the experiments. An analysis has shown that the application of reverse-blast cleaning ensures higher speed in laser cutting by a mean of 10–20 %. The investigations have made it possible to determine optimum cleaning modes: distance from a nozzle to the surface to be cleaned, jet velocity, pressure. It has been revealed that after drying of the specimens processed by power fluid based on water with concentrations of bentonite clay and calcined soda a protective film coating with thickness of some 5–7 µm has been formed on the whole cleaned specimen surfaces. Chemical base of the coating has been formed by the elements which are included in the composition of bentonite clay being the basic component of the power fluid. 

Provision of machining accuracy is a relevant objective in technology of mechanical engineering and its solution allows to guarantee an operational accuracy of mechanisms and machines, their wear resistance, reliability and durability. In order to solve the given task a method has been proposed in the paper that permits to ensure the highest machining accuracy margin on the basis of multiple-factor optimization of parameters for technological process while using methods of artificial intelligence. To ensure the machining accuracy by point tools, an intellectual system has been developed and it is based on technologies of functional semantic networks. For revealing correctness of SEMANTIC intellectual system operation an experimental inspection of its working capacity has been carried out in the paper. The paper contains description of the methodology for In article the technique of experimental investigations and their purpose is to make a comparative analysis of actual errors in opening machining with the machining errors predicted by the SEMANTIC system on the basis of functional semantic network application. The investigations have made it possible to determine dependences of axial misalignment in the machined openings on tool advance and its rotation frequency while making openings by high-speed steel drills. The paper presents analysis results of limiting and probable values for components of a total machining error. It has been shown that while making assessment of machining accuracy it is necessary to consider probabilistic nature of occurrence of total error components that are setting upper boundary as it is realized in the described intellectual system. The semantic network permits to compare errors in arrangement of opening axes which are machined in accordance with admissible drill advance and rotation frequency and corresponding experimental values. The experimental investigations prove the possibility to use an approach for forecasting a total machining error which is based on application of functional semantic network technology. 

The paper describes investigations on wear-resistant coatings from diffusion-alloyed austenitic steel obtained while using plasma spraying and subsequent laser processing. It is common knowledge that majority of machine parts and equipment has been out of service due to wear of surface layer. Application of diffusion-alloyed powder ПР-Х18Н9 based on austenitic steel while using combined technology including plasma spraying and laser infusion makes it possible to obtain qualitative coatings with high operational characteristics. The coating has a homogeneous structure with characteristic dispersive finely-dendrite formation. While using various powder boronizing modes and laser processing it is possible to control a porosity  (0,23–4,70 %) because the given factor is considered as an inherited parameter and it is influenced not only by laser processing characteristics but by powder boronizing time. It has been established that  the least deformations and internal stresses are formed in the coating in the case when self-fluxing diffusion-alloyed powder has been applied for 3 hours.  It has been revealed that there is a sharp increase in micro-hardness at the depth of 150-400 µm from the surface for a specific energy of 100-300 J/mm2 regardless of boronizing time. Coatings can be successfully applied in industry because after laser infusion the required mechanical processing of parts will not worsen operational characteristics when less hard coating layer is removed. Tests of parts under conditions of dry sliding friction without lubrication  have shown an increase of wear-resistance by 3.0-3.2-fold while preserving corrosion-resistance.

At this moment we know a great variety of identification objects, tasks and methods and its significance is constantly increasing in various fields of science and technology.  The identification problem is dependent on a priori information about identification object, besides that  the existing approaches and methods of identification are determined by the form of mathematical models (deterministic, stochastic, frequency, temporal, spectral etc.). The paper considers a problem for determination of system parameters  (identification object) which is assigned by the stochastic mathematical model including random functions of time. It has been shown  that while making optimization of the stochastic systems subject to random actions deterministic methods can be applied only for a limited approximate optimization of the system by taking into account average random effects and fixed structure of the system. The paper proposes an algorithm for identification of  parameters in a mathematical model of  the stochastic system by non-gradient random searching. A specific  feature  of the algorithm is its applicability  practically to mathematic models of any type because the applied algorithm does not depend on linearization and differentiability of functions included in the mathematical model of the system. The proposed algorithm  ensures searching of  an extremum for the specified quality criteria in terms of external uncertainties and limitations while using random searching of parameters for a mathematical model of the system. The paper presents results of the investigations on operational capability of the considered identification method  while using mathematical simulation of hypothetical control system with a priori unknown parameter values of the mathematical model. The presented results of the mathematical simulation obviously demonstrate the operational capability of the proposed identification method.

Systematic work of the higher authorities of China on achievement and implementation of generally valid aims in the field of science and technology allowed the People’s Republic of China to reach intense innovative advancement of its conomy. New and High-Tech Development Zones form the basis of the national innovative infrastructure in China, the most successful of which is China-Singapore Suzhou Industrial Park (hereinafter – the Park). The Park can be characterized as a flagship project of cooperation between the governments of China and Singapore, pilot zone of reforms and innovations, successful model of international cooperation. The aim of the foundation and development of the Park is creation of innovative world class productions and setting up new international district with modern information and technology infrastructure and environmentally-friendly neighborhood. The article presents the process of formation of the Park’s management system and its interaction with the public authorities as well as the main principles of its organizational structure. Current social-economic development results and advancement of favorable conditions for investors are analyzed. Special emphasis is given to the concept of development of the industrial ecology observed by the Park’s management. The examples of intensive growth of infrastructure are given: creation of demonstration zones and experimental areas, building of social facilities. The emphasis is given to the constant development of the Park’s human resources. The project represents a new model of international economic and technical cooperation of China with other nations.