ARCHITECTURE AND CIVIL ENGINEERING
The paper proves the necessity to create modern means of technical diagnostics which are based on up-to-date methods and control means ensuring monitoring of construction objects at all stages of their life cycle and true resource forecasting of their safe usage.
It has been proposed to consider a system of construction monitoring as a particular case of SCADA-systems which are developed for accumulation and analysis of process data.
The paper considers an experimental state of plants producing asphalt-concrete mixes and their affect on the environment. General description and volumes of hazardous ejections are given in the paper. The paper analyzes activity of State Enterprise «Scientific-Research Institute – Beldor» which is directed on improvement of ecological safety in the national system of road facilities.
The presented approach and illustrative problems clearly demonstrate significant possibilities of destruction mechanics in development of the finished theory on frost concrete and reinforced concrete destruction which is based on peculiar features of structure and texture.
Calculative mechanics of destruction makes it possible to evaluate kinetics of frost destruction in terms of power and energy parameters at any combination of concrete structure and cryogenic action.
The paper shows that heel determination of modern aerial towers for radio-relay and cell communication of triangle cross-section requires forced unit of temporary observation stations on horizontal symmetry axis of such objects with the given accuracy. It has been recommended to determine the heel relatively to three support directions with the purpose of proper control over result accuracy
The paper considers theoretical and methodical principles pertaining to formation and optimization of architectural organization in respect of inhabited territories in rural settlements. Methods for footway network improvement are proposed as an example of the cited theoretical and methodical principles.
The paper proposes a method for calculating a punch on an elastic wedge-shaped base. The author’s earlier obtained concept is suggested to use as the Green’s formula. Results for distribution of contact stresses under punch sole, angles of its rotation depending on wedge edge proximity are presented in the paper.
METALLURGY. МЕТАL WORKING. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
The paper investigates a possibility to increase resistance of die tool for deep-drawing while applying surface strengthening with the help of diffusion carbidized coatings. Execution of diffusion carbidization in the developed powder media on the Х12Ф1 die steel has ensured obtaining of diffusion layers that have highly dispersed structure without any traces of internal oxidation.
The executed investigations on studying influence of peculiar structural features of carbide layers on their mechanical properties have made it possible to determine an optimum structure and character of carbide distribution in a layer depending on the thermo-diffusion treatment modes. The results obtained with the help of the modern methods have found their practical application in development of new technologies for die and punch stamps for deep drawing of hydraulic actuator parts at the Minsk Mechanical Works named after S. I. Vavilov.
Structural and mechanical properties of A500C-class reinforcement bars are investigated in the paper. The paper demonstrates that rolled products of thermally strengthened reinforcement have a layered structure with coaxially located layers having different mechanical characteristics. Micro-hardness measurements have shown that the maximum hardness has a pre-surface part of a reinforcement bar, and the minimum hardness is in the central part. Thickness of the strengthened surface layers grows while increasing a diameter and at preservation of structural composition.
INSTRUMENT ENGINEERING. INFORMATICS
The paper contains an analytical review of two-mirror decenter systems. Analysis of their various scheme solutions has been carried in the paper. The analysis considers perspective variants such classical types as the Kassegrеin and Gregory variant, mirror-Schmidt objectives. The objectives can be applied in the space optics and optical devices being operated in the UV- and IR spectral ranges.
The paper contains an analysis pertaining to operation of a gas compressor unit while applying imitation modeling in which probabilities of adverse events (failures) have been quantitatively evaluated. In order to obtain risk values of failures it is necessary to carry out an additional analysis of the importance of negative failure consequences (financial losses). The obtained risk values will allow to work out recommendations on reduction of risk by probability reduction of adverse events or by consequence scope of the given events that will allow to increase quality of the services supplied by the main pipeline transport.
TRANSPORT
The paper presents some peculiar features of the developed methodology for determination of economic losses at coordinated regulation of transport and pedestrian flow movement. Preconditions for introduction of pre-signals on light objects which raise efficiency of coordinated control over transport flows are considered separately in the paper. The paper proposes to estimate the coordinated regulation by such criterion as minimization of economic, ecological and emergency losses. Basic principles on investigation of main costs in the process of coordinated pack movement are cited in the paper.
HUMANITIES AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SCIENCES
A methodology has been developed which allows to calculate predictable enterprise requirements for skilled staff with the purpose to ensure a normal functioning of its production process and also to determine changes of its staff structure in case of the production development and usage of innovations in production.
The paper considers stages concerning development of concession relations during a new economic policy. A structure of the concession organs and causes for closing down concession programs in the sovietRussiaare analyzed in the paper. The paper also presents classification of concessions.
The paper is devoted to the problem of state-confessional relation in theRepublicofBelarusat present stage and considers a religious situation in the country, attitude of the State to conventional religious organizations and Christian human values. The presented concrete material reveals the essence of these relations and main tendency of their development, namely: from dialogue to cooperation and social partnership.
The paper investigates a category of being in its historical development. The revealed relation of being with worldview and self-understanding underlines the importance of adequate being understanding for preservation of really human being existence.
The paper considers problems pertaining to evaluation of competitiveness of automotive enterprises in the field of international consignments. An economic model for determination of the integral AE competitiveness is proposed in the paper and the model permits to substitute an expert estimation in respect of some factors by their qualitative calculation on the basis of data on enterprise activity in the international consignment market.
Formation of an enterprise innovation potential requires investments of rather large financial resources, creation of offices and services which are involved in introduction and approbation of state-of-the-art technologies in production process and all these measures are not always properly repaid.
Search for efficient production methods, introduction of new technologies which do not presuppose large expenses and intense personnel drawing-away from their direct functional duties are directed on detection and activation of hidden (unused) innovation potential at an enterprise.
ISSN 2414-0392 (Online)