ARCHITECTURE AND CIVIL ENGINEERING
It has been developed a new designing and technological approach to heat insulation of external walls in the buildings on the basis of polysterene plates and gunned polysterene concrete. This approach permits to reduce significantly expenses of construction works. Calculation of temperature and moisture patterns with such heat insulation is given in the paper
The paper proposes a concept of home-made recycler for constructing covering of low category roadways while using energy- and resource saving technologies. The review of technologies for constructing covering of low category roadways, technology and a complex of machinery executing a cold recycling of automobile roads are given in the paper.
A methodology has been developed for evaluation of asphalt pavement pot-hole repairing quality. The obtained trial data allow to make a conclusion that the reliable criteria for evaluation of pot-hole repairing quality is a joint performance coefficient Kрс.
Investigations have been carried to study influence of crushed stone on the reliability of asphalt concrete. Crushed stone is the main asphalt concrete component that creates its structure. Shape and size of crushed stone are accepted as macrostructure parameters. In order to estimate reliability a special methodology has been applied. This methodology makes it possible to estimate material durability of various composition and structure on the action of transport loading and weather-climatic factors.
It has been established that crushed stone shape influences on asphalt-concrete strength in terms of complicated dependence. Content of long particles can exert a positive effect. Elements with small and large side ratio 1:4 are to be considered as particles that worsen asphalt concrete properties. The paper has noted imperfection of methodology for determination of long particle percentage with the help of standard equipment
METALLURGY. МЕТАL WORKING. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Purpose of the paper is to investigate technology of strain hardening of corrosion-resistant austenitic 12X18H10T steel by drawing method using electrolyte-plasma machining (EPM) as an auxiliary operation. Structure and properties of material surface layer after drawing have been examined. It has been ascertained that there are scores and micro-cracks on the material surface that make it difficult to carry out subsequent drawing drafts.
In order to eliminate these drawbacks it is proposed to apply EPM between drawing stages. The developed drawing modes using EPM allow to reduce number of drafts while obtaining special hard- drawn wire and improve service life of the tool.
The paper considers a possibility to make diagnostics of bearing unit in operation by oil film thickness. Diagnostics algorithm is presented in the paper.
The paper contains basic principles of dosage system formation for hydraulic and positive- displacement drives of technological machinery. Rationalization directions of pump designs used in multi-motor drives of technological machinery operational elements are considered in the paper. Design schemes of pumps ensuring possibility to create multi-motor hydraulic transmissions have been developed.
The paper shows that it is possible to determine value of fuel expenditure that is necessary to maintain the required temperature regime in a furnace on the basis of heat balance equation.
The proposed methodology makes it possible to obtain an equation for calculation of immediate fuel expenditure at any time moment. The given solution of the problem takes into consideration initial and final teiręerature of metal and temperature distribution at the current time moment that significantly improves calculation accuracy.
INSTRUMENT ENGINEERING. INFORMATICS
Measurements in the process of production and testing of ready-made building materials and structures are considered to be an engineering base and control and evaluation of product parameters are to be carried out on its basis. Recommendations for normalization of a permissible measuring error in accordance with metrological problems are considered in the paper.
A section area of silicon and oxygen complexes adsorbed at the boundary of “slag-gas” separation has been calculated in accordance with the concentration dependence of surface tension in molten slags. An assumption on their structure has been made and substantiated. It has been shown that nature of the adsorbed complexes is found to be the same if a slag basicity is more than 1.
Selection of qualitative indices for evaluation of a computer network has been substantiated and an efficient evaluation algorithm permitting to obtain a final result in fire form of an index of requirements’ realization level according to one of three criteria has been proposed.
A logically justified and integral three-level decomposition of the process concerning formation of requirements to the quality of a computer network has been advanced in the paper. The paper has demonstrated relationship of the evaluation algorithm with widespread standards in the field of quality control, provision of computer data safety and modeling of computer systems
The paper contains an estimation of rational rotational speeds of cutting discs during their ultrasonic charging. It has been shown that in the case of ultrasound application it is necessary to reduce rotational speed of a disc in comparison with a conventional charging in order to provide its uniformity.
TRANSPORT
The paper considers some aspects concerning determination of ecological losses for various disputed objects of a street-highway network. Theoretical calculations and recommendations pertaining to calculation of total ecological losses are given in the paper.
Electro-pneumatic and electro-hydraulic drive gears are proposed for remote control of the automobile coupling. Various methods for coupling control have been examined. Algorithms of coupling control in modes of gear-changing and automobile speed-up have been developed. The paper proposes an integral law for controlling an executive coupling mechanism. The law takes into account speed changes and an integral of input action.
NATURAL AND ACCURATE SCIENCES
The paper presents results concerning calculations of radiating heat-conduction factor for air plasma in presence of impurities of Na, K, Li, Cs elements.
HUMANITIES AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SCIENCES
The problem of deconstruction reflects fundamental tendency in the development of natural sciences and industrial technologies under modem conditions. The postmodernist philosophy makes use of the deconstruction notion as a basic category in new discourse. Dominion of the logocentrism in consciousness of mankind generates a situation of ecological crisis. The connect decision of the global technology problems from the position of social justice in the context of deconstruction is very important in the third millennium.
ENGINEERING EDUCATION
The paper contains a training structure for ship-builders which is accepted at higher educational institutions of Russian Federation. A special attention is paid to the necessity of a continuous training (in computers, machine drawing, mathematics, languages, technologies) during the whole educational process. In order to improve the educational process quality it is recommended to integrate enterprises’ resources (personnel and production) into it. The paper reveals fields of cooperation, some joint projects in tile sphere of shipbuilding to be realized in the Republic of Belarus.
The paper provides a conception of continuous training of specialists for ship-building enterprises in Russian Federation. The efficiency of contract-type training has been noted in the paper. The paper also shows the ways how to realize contract training at the Institute of Naval Technique and Technology (St-Petersburg). A special attention is given to profound study of information technologies applied in designing and building of ships, boats and naval machinery.
ISSN 2414-0392 (Online)