EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENTS OF TOWER CONSTRUCTION TILT USING ELECTRONIC TACHEOMETER

Modern tendencies for assessment of high-rise building deformation state presuppose creation of automated and regular monitoring while using highly-accurate space positioning systems (GPS-systems), a robotic electronic tacheometer, highlyaccurate inclinators (Leica Nivel210/Nivel220-model) with measuring accuracy of tilt angle up to 0.09 s, Geomos software complex (Leica Geosystems). Automated system for deformation monitoring requires significant time and material expenditures, special training of specialists so simpler methods and criteria for assessment of building deformation state are also considered as rather actual for this purpose.

There are more than ten conventional methods for determining building tilt. All these methods are based on angular measurements from the fixed base while using highly-accurate theodolites. The methods are rather labor-consuming and they do not provide operational efficiency and accuracy in measurements. Introduction of electronic tacheometers with large radius of refractorless measurements of distances has made it possible to calculate coordinates on the building surface with high accuracy and at various sections (heights) that results in possibility to obtain 3D model of the building surface. Leica TCRA1201 tacheometer has been set at the good visibility point of a tower construction, device orientation and plane coordinates of the temporary point have been determined with the purpose to assess a tilt value of an exhaust stack having 150 meter height. Then 3D coordinates of six points on the building surface have been measured for every stack section. After that these points have been projected on the horizontal plane. LISCAD PLUS software complex has been used for processing and interpretation of geodetic data.

The proposed method permits to obtain data for determination value and direction of a tower construction tilt, immediately carry out in-situ measurements and obtain final results in the automatic mode of LISCAD PLUS software complex using only one point of the tacheometer setting. The method does not require any preliminary laying and subsequent preservation of fundamental geodetic points (bases) and it can be applied for any configuration of tower constructions.

1. Biktashev, M. D. (2006). Tower constructions. Geodesic analysis of settlement, tilt and general stability of position. ?oscow, ASV Publ. 376 p. (in Russian).

2. Guidance for determination of tower engineering construction tilt using geodesic methods. ?oscow, Stroyizdat, 1981. 56 p. (in Russian).

3. Stolbov, I. A. (1988). On determination of construction tilt. Geodezia i kartografia [Geodesy and cartography], 3, 35–36 (in Russian).

4. Nesterionok, M. S., Pozniak, A. S., Astrovsky, A. A. (1989). Experience in determination of ventilation and smoke stack tilt in confined spaces. Bulletin of BelNIINTI. Minsk, 4 (in Russian).

5. Mikhailov, V. I. (2000). Specific features in geodesic control of engineering construction stability at JSC “Grodno Azot”. Proceedings of International Scientific and Technical Conference “Contribution of HEIs Research to Development of Priority Directions for Industry and Economy, Economic and Environmentally Clean Technologies and State-of-the-Art Training Methods” dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Belarusian State Polytechnic Academy. Part 7. Minsk: BSPA [Belarusian State Polytechnic Academy], 91 (in Russian).

6. Mikhailov, V. I., Skrebkov, G. V., Timoshenko, S. A. (2008). Experience in application of DNA03-digital leveling device while measuring settlement deformations of JSC “Grodno Azot” industrial objects. Nauka obrazovaniiu, proizvodstvu, ekonomike. Materialy Shestoi mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi konferentsii. T. 2 [Science to education, industry, economics. Proceedings of 6th International Science and Technical Conference. Vol. 2]. Minsk: BNTU, 50 (in Russian).

7. Mikhailov, V. I., Kononovich, S. I., Tchiberkus, Yu. N. (2013). Experience in application of electronic tacheometer for measuring wall verticality. Glavny inzhener v stroitelstvie [Chief Engineer in construction], 9, 26–31 (in Russian).

8. Shekhovtsov, G. A., Shekhovtsova, R. P. (2009). Modern geodesic methods for detection of engineering construction deformations. Nizhny Novgorod: NNGASU [Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering]. 156 p. (in Russian).

9. ??P 45-1.03-26–2006.Geodesic works in construction. Rules of conduct. Minsk, Architecture and Construction Ministry of the Republic of Belarus, 2006. 62 p. (in Russian).

10. Nikitin, A. V. (2008). Method for determination of cylindrical construction tilt. Geodezia i kartografia [Geodesy and cartography], 6, 15–17 (in Russian).