Mathematical Modeling of Flood Flow at a Reconstructed Hydroelectric Complex

Belarus has a relatively small number of large hydroelectric power plants due to the flat terrain and moderate climate, all of them were built in the last decade and meet all the requirements of regulatory documents. There are also more than 140 hydroelectric structures located in the country that belong to the 4th reliability class. It should be noted that the operation of water management structures plays an important role in regulating river flows, ensuring water supply, irrigation, navigation and flood protection. The paper considers approaches to mathematical modeling of the processes of flood flow through reconstructed hydroelectric structures. The main attention is paid to the development and application of complex models that allow forecasting changes in water levels, loads on structures and possible emergency situations. The developed methodology is based on the joint solution of water balance equations and hydrodynamic equations (Saint-Venant) to describe the flow in the reservoir and downstream. To take into account the features of the reconstructed hydroelectric structure, refined calculations of the capacity of spillways and the impact of changes in the profile of structures are used. An algorithm is proposed that includes: assessment of initial hydrological data and flood scenarios; calculation of reservoir filling dynamics; modeling of flow interactions with hydraulic structure elements. The calculations performed allow us to determine critical water levels, optimal gate control modes, and assess the risks of overflow or destruction of structures. The results obtained can be used in developing reconstruction projects, in operational management of hydraulic structures, and for preparing plans for preventing emergency situations. Based on the methodology developed by the author, an example of predictive calculation of levels in the channel reservoir of the Yanovo hydroelectric power station (HPS) has been considered and the flow parameters in the downstream pool have been determined with the definition of flood boundaries.

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