Technological Features of Filler Wire Melting for Arc Welding and Surfacing with the Introduction of SF6 into Protective Gas Atmosphere

On the basis of the results of experimental studies the paper establishes important patterns of dependence of the frequency of short circuits of the arc gap and the coefficient of loss of electrode metal due to spatter from the voltage on the arc and the feed rate of the filler wire during welding and surfacing with the introduction of gaseous SF₆ into the Ar + CO₂ protective mixture. It is proposed to introduce fluorine-containing components of SF₆ directly into the protective gas mixture of 82 % Ar + 18 % CO₂ in quantities not exceeding 2 %. The technology makes it possible to reduce the amount of diffusion hydrogen in the deposited metal, which is an urgent task when welding high-strength steels and materials sensitive to hydrogen embrittlement. Previously, we resolved a number of issues related to the obstacle to increasing the concentration of S in the deposited metal, which made it possible to determine the most effective concentrations of SF6 in the protective gas environment, limited to 1.5 % by volume of the total composition (Ar + CO₂) + SF₆. At the same time, modification of the protective gas atmosphere with the halide compound SF₆ has a significant effect on the melting characteristics of the electrode wire and temperature indicators in the arc combustion zone. This is due to the high ionization potential of fluorine as a product of the high-temperature dissociation reaction of SF₆. The results obtained have made it possible to determine the most effective relationships between the values of the mode parameters, as well as to study the specifics of melting the filler wire in a protective atmosphere modified with SF6. Important regularities have been established that reveal the technological features of welding and surfacing with modification of the protective atmosphere with halide compounds.

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