Low-Energy Manufacturing Technology and Physical and Technical Properties of Cellular Concrete Autoclave-Free Hardening on Granitoid Micro-Filler

The material in the paper reflects the main stages and results of the development of low-energy-intensive technology for producing cellular aerated concrete without autoclave hardening using a micro-filler based on granite screenings for prefabricated and monolithic construction, including its application in 3D concreting technology [1–10]. The paper has made it possible to develop and experimentally to substantiate: methods for calculating the composition of aerated concrete according to the criteria of density and compressive strength in the range of grades D350–D900 and classes B0.5–B7.5 for structural and thermal insulation purposes, as well as grades D100–D300 (compressive strength 0.04–1.5 MPa) for thermal insulation purposes in conjunction with the dispersion of the applied micro-fillers from ground granite screening with a specific surface area, respectively: S_sp ~ 3000–500 cm²/g for structural and thermal insulation, and for thermal insulation aerated concrete: S_sp ~ 30000 cm²/g (micro-silica) and S_sp ~ 20000 cm²/g (ultra-disperse fractions of granite screenings) – for thermal insulating aerated concrete; methodology for monitoring the rheological (technological) properties of aerated concrete mixtures that provide the required conditions for the structure formation of aerated concrete of calculated compositions, a method for evaluating the lateral pressure of a mixture when laying in formwork (molds), as well as a method and device for non-destructive testing of both the kinetics of strength growth of hardening and the strength of hardened or used cellular concrete, obtained according to the developed or other technology. Modes of non-heating and low-energy (including steaming at  atmospheric pressure) technology of cellular aerated concrete of non-autoclave hardening have been developed, which makes it possible to abandon energy-consuming, technically complex and expensive autoclave equipment in the manufacture of prefabricated products and provides the possibility of using the developed technology of thermal insulating aerated concrete  in monolithic construction, including heat and sound insulation of the walls of buildings made using 3D concreting technology, as well as the construction (installation) in removable and non-removable formwork of building structures using aerated concrete for structural and thermal insulation purposes.

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