Determination of Maximum Calculated Total Values of Wind Loads on the Elements of Anti-Theft Device from Eccentric and Wedge Mechanism

To carry out a power calculation of the anti-driveaway device (from now on referred to as – AD) of lifting cranes operating in the open air, it is necessary to know the maximum calculated value of the wind force on the elements of the AD rails connected by side bars. The various types of anti-theft crane devices recommended for use have a number of disadvantages, which have been written about in previous papers. Anti-theft crane devices are also known, in which the stop of lifting cranes on the rail track is carried out by a locking eccentric interacting with the surface of the rail head. The reliabi-lity of such devices is insufficient, since due to the constant force of the spring, the adhesion force of the eccentric to the rail does not depend on the changing wind force. To carry out a power calculation of the anti-theft device for cranes operating in the open air, it is necessary to know the maximum calculated value of the wind force acting on its elements that hold the cranes on the rails when the cranes are inoperative. When a crane moves along rails under the influence of wind force P_w, the eccentric, turning, transmits the pressure force from the rail to the double-arm lever connecting the eccentric mechanism to the wedge mechanism. The eccentric mechanism is essentially a drive for the vertical movement of the wedge, as a result of which the pincer clamp closes on the rail head and the crane stops. Thus, the energy developed by the crane, driven by the force P_w, is used to stop it. For this purpose, the paper deals with the issues of determining the maximum design values of the wind force acting on the total lateral surfaces of various types of cranes under different climatic, aerodynamic, probabilistic and other wind loads. A methodology is given for determining the maximum calculated total values of wind loads on the elements of the developed anti-theft device for lifting cranes moving along crane rail tracks. The calculated total lateral areas and wind loads on bridge support single- and double-girder cranes, gantry and tower cranes for various designs, spans, load capacities and other parameters have been determined. Based on the calculations performed, it is possible to create a model range of anti-theft devices for various designs of load-lifting cranes moving on crane rails under various operating conditions.

1. Natalevich A. N., Nesterenko N. L., Selivonchik N. M. (2022). Automatic Anti-Theft Device Fore Cranes. Patent BY No 12950 (in Russian).

2. Selivonchik N. M., Nesterenko N. L. (2021) Basics of Calculating Anti-Theft Crane Device from Eccentric and Tick-Borne Mechanisms. Nauka i Tekhnika = Science and Technique, 20 (4), 296–301. https://doi.org/10.21122/ 2227-1031-2021-20-4-296-301 (in Russian).

3. Selivonchik N. M., Nesterenko N. L. (2023) Power Calculation of Anti-Driveaway Crane Device from Eccentric and Wedge Mechanisms. Nauka i Tekhnika = Science and Technique. 22 (2), 113–118. https://doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2023-22-2-113-118 (in Russian)

4. Rules on Ensuring Industrial Safety of Hoisting Cranes: Resolution of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Belarus of December 22, 2018 No 66. National Legal Internet Portal of the Republic of Belarus. Available at: https://pravo.by/document/?guid=12551&p0=W219341 70p& p1=1 (аccessed 14 April 2021) (in Russian).

5. State Standard 32579.1-2013. Cranes. Design principles for loads and load combinations. Part 1. General. Мoscow, Standartinform Publ., 2015. 30. Available at: https://files.stroyinf.ru/Data/577/57770.pdf. (in Russian).

6. State Standard 1451-77. Cranes. Wind Load. Norms and Method of Determination. Moscow, Publishing House of Standards, 2003. 13 (in Russian).

7. State Standard 32579.2-2013. Cranes. Design principles for loads and load combinations Part 3. Tower cranes. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2015. 8. Available at: https://files.stroyinf.ru/Data2/1/4293769/4293769479.pdf. (in Russian).

8. State Standard 32579.3-2013. Cranes. Design principles for loads and load combinations Part 3. Tower cranes. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2015. 8. Available at: https://files.stroyinf.ru/Data2/1/4293769/4293769479.pdf. (in Russian).

9. State Standard 32579.4-2013. Cranes. Design principles for loads and load combinations. Part 4: Jib cranes. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2015. 10. Available at: https://files.stroyinf.ru/Data/577/57766.pdf. (in Russian).

10. State Standard 32579.5-2013. Cranes. Design principles for loads and load combinations. Part 5. Overhead type crane. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2015. 14. Available at: https://files.stroyinf.ru/Data2/1/4293769/4293769477.pdf. (in Russian).

11. State Standard 22045-89. Interstate standard. Single-beam electric overhead cranes. Technical specifications. Moscow, Publishing House of Standards, 1999. 26 (in Russian).

12. State Standard 6368-82. Type R8, R11, R18 and R24 narrow-gauge railway rails.

13. Design and dimensions. Moscow, Publishing House of Standards, 1989. 6. Available at: https://files.stroyinf.ru/Data2/1/4294852/4294852756.pdf (in Russian).

14. State Standard 2591-2006. Square hot-rolled steel bars. Dimensions. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2006. 17 с. Available at: https://files.stroyinf.ru/Data2/1/4293832/4293832576.pdf (in Russian).

15. State Standard 25711-83. Electrical overhead travelling type cranes for general punposies. Types, basic parameters and dimensions. Moscow, Publishing House of Standards, 1983. 20. Available at: https://simkran.ru/upload/doc/gost/GOST_25711-83_www-simkran-ru.pdf (in Russian).

16. State Standard 15150-69. Machines, instruments and other industrial products.

17. Modifications for different climatic regions. Categories, operating, storage

18. and transportation conditions as to environment climatic aspects influence. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2010. 71. Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200003320 (in Russian).

19. State Standard 6711-81. General-purpose electric bridge cranes of load capacity from 80 to 500 tn* Basic parameters and dimensions. Moscow, Publishing House of Standards, 1985. 35. Available at: https://files.stroyinf.ru/Data2/1/4293802/4293802565.pdf (in Russian).