Protective Measures during Construction of Ground Structures over Existing Underground Structures

Today, there is an acute issue of ensuring the safe operation of buildings and structures located in the immediate vicinity of new construction. The process of performing works on the installation of load-bearing structures and their further operation can have a negative impact on already existing facilities. In this regard, the task of developing innovative methods and tools to ensure the safe operation of such structures as subway running tunnels is very urgent. To solve it, a reliable forecast of additional deformation and appointment of a complex of protective measures are required.  In addition, much attention should be paid to the numerical modeling of the system “surface structures – protective measures – underground structures”. As an example of assessing the impact of new construction, namely, the erection of surface structures over existing underground  ones, one  can  cite  the  construction  of  a transport  interchange  at  the  intersection  of  Nezavisimosty  Avenue with Filimonov Street. As protective measures, a protective screen on bored piles has been used here, which made it possible to minimize significantly dynamic and static effects on the lining of tunnels and other underground structures of the subway. Effectiveness of protection application is confirmed by the result of monitoring the stress-strain state of running tunnel structures at all stages of traffic  intersection construction. Protective measures and continuous monitoring of the stress-strain state in structures help to avoid accidents during construction and further operation.

1. ТCP [Technical and Commercial Proposal] EN 1990–2011 (02250). Eurocode. Structural Design Basics. Minsk, Publishing House of Ministry of Architecture and Construction, 2012. 70 (in Russian).

2. ТCP [Technical and Commercial Proposal] EN 1991-1-6–2009 (02250). Eurocode 1. Effects on Structures. Parts 1–6. General Influences. Impacts during Construction Works. Minsk, Publishing House of Ministry of Architecture and Construction, 2009. 32 (in Russian).

3. ТCP [Technical and Commercial Proposal] EN 1991-1-7–2009 (02250). Eurocode 1. Effects on Structures. Parts 1–7. General Influences. Special Effects. Minsk, Publishing House of Mi-nistry of Architecture and Construction, 2010. 64 (in Russian).

4. ТCP [Technical and Commercial Proposal] EN 1991-2–2009 (02250). Eurocode 1. Effects on Structures. Part 2. Transport Loads on Bridges. Minsk, Publishing House of Ministry of Architecture and Construction, 2010. 158 (in Russian).

5. Vinnikov Yu. L., Sukhodub A. V., Kichaeva O. V. (2015) Modeling the Stress-Strain State of the “Reconstructed Building – Foundations – Foundation” System. Vestnik PNIPU. Stroitel'stvo i Arkhitektura = Bulletin of Perm National Research Polytechnic University. Construction and Architecture, (2), 50–63 (in Russian).

6. Sushkevich Yu. I., Babushkin N. F., Ivanov V. F., Kozin E. G., Rasulov A. R. (2009) Subway Tunnels. Device, Operation and Repair. Moscow, Metro i Tonneli Publ. 463 (in Russian).

7. Hemphill G. B. (2013) Practical Tunnel Construction. USA, Wiley. 434. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118350270.

8. Lunardi P. (2008) Design and Construction of Tunnels. Milano, Rocksoil SPA. 587. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3540-73875-6.

9. Pastushkov V. G., Boyko I. L., Pastushkov G. P. (2015) Scientific Support for the Design and Construction of a Three-Level Transport Interchange in Minsk. Avtomobilnye Dorogi i Mosty [Highways and Bridges], (2), 11–17 (in Russian).

10. Pastushkov G. P., Pastushkov V. G. (2011) On Transition to European Standards for the Design of Bridge Structures in the Republic of Belarus. Vestnik Permskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tekhnicheskogo Universiteta. Okhrana Okruzhayushchei Sredy, Transport, Bezopasnost' Zhiznedeyatel'nosti [Bulletin PNIPU. Protection of the Environment, Transport, Life Safety], (2), 113–121 (in Russian).

11. Pastushkov G. P., Pastushkov V. G. (2013) Basic Requirements for the Design of Bridge Structures in Accordance with European Standards. Modernizatsiya i Nauchnye Issledovaniya v Transportnom Komplekse: Materialy Mezhdunar. Nauch.-Prakt. Konf., g. Perm', 25–27 Aprelya 2013 g. T. 3 [Modernization and Scientific Research in the Transport Complex. Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, Perm, April 25–27, 2013. Vol. 3]. Perm, 368–375 (in Russian).

12. Skolnik D. A., Kaiser W. J., Wallace J. W. (2008) Instrumentation for Structural Health Monitoring: Measuring Interstory Drift. The 14 World Conference on Earthquake Engineering. China, Beijing. Available at: https://www. iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/14_11-0089.PDF.

13. Guglielmetti V., Grasso P., Mahtab A., Xu S. (2007) Mechanized Tunneling in Urban Areas: Design Methodology and Construction Control. London, ImprintCRC Press. 528. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203938515.

14. SP [Set of Rules] 361.1325800.2017. Buildings and Constructions. Protective Measures in the Zone of Influence for Construction of Underground Facilities. Moscow, Minstroi Publ., 2018. 56 (in Russian).

15. Bulychev N. S. (1989) Mechanics of Underground Structures in Example and Problems. Moscow, Nedra Publ. 270 (in Russian).