Vehicle Adaptive Rear Combination Light with Non-Replaceable Light Sources

Currently, due to the increase in the  average speed of vehicles to ensure their visibility, the luminous intensity of their lightning equipment is constantly increasing, that can lead to blindness of other road users, especially at night. On the other hand, if you do not increase the luminous intensity if lanterns, a vehicle will not be noticeable in difficult road conditions (fog, rain, dust) and it can cause an accident. To eliminate this contradiction, a fundamentally new modular design of the adaptive rear combined vehicle light with non-replaceable light sources based on single powerful light emitting diodes and effective secondary optics of  large diameter has been developed in the paper.  The design provides  for the use of an integrated microcontroller to control luminous intensity of its lights, depending on the conditions of external illumination, braking dynamics  of  a car  and surface condition  of  a lamp  diffuser  with  the  possibility  of  transmitting data via a CAN-bus. Thanks to the built-in microcontroller, the developed flashlight is suitable for installation on vehicles without an on-board computer. These properties allow the flashlight to ensure visibility of a vehicle, and to avoid blinding the remaining road users. The design of the adaptive lamp is small in thickness (up to 40 mm), high luminous efficiency (at least 85 %) and reliability. The conducted lightning  tests have  shown  that the developed  lamp fully  complies with UN Regulation  No  6, 7, 23, 38, 48. The design has been compared with existing analogues of foreign production, which  showed that such a lamp consumes less energy (30 %) and has a lower probability of failure due to the use of high-power LEDs used as a light source.

1. . Lee S. E., Llaneras E., Klauer S., Sudweeks J. (2007) Analyses of Rear-End Crashes and Near-Crashes in the 100-Car Natural-istic Driving Study to Support Rear-Signaling Countermeasure Development: Report No. DOT HS 810 846. NHTSA. Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a1de/f57ff815ca44a6e1316789cc18c0e988d633.pdf?_ga=2.65642027.403901483.1594051653-1808767238.1593622975. (Accessed 3 December 2019).

2. Kobrina N. V. (2017) Adaptive Rear Taillight Systems. Avtomobil i Elektronika. Suchasni Tekhnologii = Vehicle and Electronics. Innovative Technologies, (12), 82-89 (in Russian).

3. Study of Perspective Aspects of Equipping Vehicles with an Informative Brake Signaling System (IBSS). Available at: http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/doc/2004/wp29gre/TRANS-WP29-GRE-52-35e.pdf. (Accessed 26 Oc-tober 2011).

4. Schoeneburg R., Breitling T. (2005) Enhancement of Active & Passive Safety by Future Pre-Safe® Systems. International Tech-nical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles, 2005. Available at: https://www.safetylit.org/citations/index.php?fuseaction=citations.viewdetails&citationIds[]=citjournalarticle_245201_38.04.10.2011.

5. Regulation No 48. Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Vehicles with Regard to the Installation of Lighting and Light-Signalling Devices. Available at: http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/2015/R048r11e.pdf. (Accessed 3 December 2019).

6. Safaee A., Wehlus T. (2017) OLED Development @ OSRAM. Past, Present and Future Topics. Available at: https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2017/02/f34/sa faee_ oled-design_longbeach2017.pdf. (Accessed 18 November 2019).

7. Thomas W. (2016) OLED Lighting in Automotive Applications. Light, Energy and the Environment. https://doi.org/10.1364/ssl.2016.ssw3c.2.

8. Pattison M., Hanson M., Tsao J. Y. (2018) LED Lighting Efficacy: Status and Directions. Comptes Rendus Physique, 19 (3), 134-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crhy.2017.10.013.

9. Regulation No 6. Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Direction Indicators for Power-Driven Vehicles and their Trail-ers. 7 October 2011. Available at: https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/R006r5e.pdf. (Accessed 3 December 2019).

10. Regulation No 7. Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Front and Rear Position Lamps, Stop-Lamps and End-Outline Marker Lamps for Motor Vehicles (Except Motor Cycles) and their Trailers. 22 November 2012. Available at: http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/2015/R007r6e.pdf. (Accessed 3 De-cember 2019).

11. Regulation No 23. Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Reversing and Manoeuvring Lamps for Power-Driven Vehicles and their Trailers. 20 August 2013. Available at: http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/2013/r023r4e.pdf. (Accessed 03 December 2019).

12. Regulation No 38. Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Rear Fog Lamps for Power-Driven Vehicles and their Trailers. 20 August 2013. Available at: http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/2013/R038r3e.pdf. (Accessed 3 December 2019).

13. Sernov S. P., Balokhonov D. V., Kolontaeva T. V., Zhuravok A. A. (2014) Vehicular Adaptive Optical Systems Non-Replaceable Light Sources Secondary Optics Calculation Method. Pribory i Metody Izmerenij = Devices and Methods of Measurements, 8 (1), 86‒93 (in Russian).

14. Model 265. LED Signal Light Instruction Sheet. J. W. SPEAKER Corporation. Available at: https://www.jwspeaker.com/wp-content/uploads/led-signal-light-model-265-instruction-sheet-6542960b-2016.pdf. (Accessed 5 December 2019).

15. Multi-Function LED Combination Realight. Brief Information. HELLA. Available at: https://www.hella.com/trailer/assets/media_global/LED Heckleuchte Leuchte mit Kennleuchte EN.pdf. (Ac-cessed 5 De-cember 2019).

16. Balokhonov D. V., Zhuravok A. A., Zuikov I. E., Kolontaeva T. V., Savchits A. G., Sernov S. P. (2013) Device of Vehicle Light Signaling with Permanent Light Sources: Patent No 2481206 S2 Russian Federation (in Russian)