<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">НАУКА и ТЕХНИКА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Science &amp; Technique</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-1031</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0392</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Belarusian National Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sat-45</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MECHANICAL ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ИМПУЛЬСНО-ПЕРИОДИЧЕСКОГО РЕЖИМА ДЛЯ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ЛАЗЕРНОЙ ОБРАБОТКИNT OF LASER TREATMENT EFFICIENCY</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>APPLICATION OF PULSE-PERIODICAL MODE FOR IMPROVEMENT OF LASER TREATMENT EFFICIENCY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аполлонов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Apollonov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор физико-математических наук, профессор</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vapollo@kapella.gpi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Девойно</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Devoino</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор технических наук, профессор</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">scvdmed@bntu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калиниченко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinichenko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор технических наук</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">scvdmed@bntu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт общей физики РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>General Physics Institute RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский национальный технический университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian National Technical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>08</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аполлонов В.В., Девойно О.Г., Калиниченко А.А., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аполлонов В.В., Девойно О.Г., Калиниченко А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Apollonov V.V., Devoino O.G., Kalinichenko A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sat.bntu.by/jour/article/view/45">https://sat.bntu.by/jour/article/view/45</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью настоящей работы является оценка применения импульсно-периодического режима для повышения эффективности лазерной обработки. Лазерные технологии нашли широкое применение в процессах обработки материалов для придания им заданных поверхностных свойств, а также для резки листовых материалов с высокой точностью. Несомненный интерес представляет применение комплексной обработки, в первую очередь изношенных поверхностей, включающей формирование слоя путем газопламенного нанесения порошковой смеси определенного состава и последующего лазерного оплавления.</p><p>Важной задачей для повышения эффективности применения лазерных технологий в машиностроении является увеличение мощности лазерных установок. В настоящее время в технологических процессах, использующих лазеры cбольшой средней мощностью (более 100 Вт), нашли применение только источники, работающие в двух режимах - непрерывном и импульсно-периодическом (И-П) с частотой повторения импульсов от единиц до сотен герц и длительностью в пределах десятков-сотен микро- и даже миллисекунд. С другой стороны, экранирующий эффект образующегося плазменного облака при процессах лазерного легирования, наплавки, сварки снижает эффективность обработки в некоторых случаях до 50 % в зависимости от состава плазмы и длины волны лазерного излучения. Высокочастотные И-П лазерные системы с большой средней мощностью, работающие в режиме модуляции добротности, позволяют реализовать принципиально другой механизм взаимодействия излучения с веществом - абляцию, обеспечивающую локальность выделения энергии не только в пространстве, но и во времени.</p><p>Проведенный анализ показал, что И-П режим работы лазера для большинства процессов обработки намного лучше и эффективнее, чем непрерывный режим, с энергетической точки зрения. На основе наших разработок можно говорить о возможности реализации лазерных систем, работающих в высокочастотном И-П режиме с большой средней мощностью - выше сотен ватт.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the paper is to estimate an application of pulse-periodical mode for improvement of laser treatment efficiency. Laser technologies have been widely used in the processes of material treatment with the purpose to provide them the required surface properties and also for high accuracy cutting of sheet materials. Application of complex treatment is of great interest and especially when it is used for worn-out surfaces with formation of a coating by gas-flame laying of powder mixture of specific composition and subsequent laser fusion.</p><p>Increase of laser unit capacity is very important task for higher efficiency of laser technology application in mechanical engineering. Nowadays technological processes using lasers with high average power (more than 100 W) have been applying only sources that are working in two modes, namely: continuous and pulse- periodical (P-P) with pulse repetition rate from some units to several hundred hertz and pulse duration within dozens to hundreds of microseconds and even within milliseconds. On the other hand, in some cases shielding effect of plasma cloud formed during laser alloying, cladding or welding reduces the efficiency of laser treatment up to 50 % depending on plasma composition and laser beam length. High frequency P-P laser systems with high average power working in mode of Q-factor modulation allow to realize principally other mechanism of irradiation interaction with materials that is an ablation. In this case it is possible to provide local energy release both in space and time.</p><p>The performed analysis has revealed that P-P mode of laser operation for a majority of treatment processes is much better and more efficient from energetic point of view in comparison with the continuous mode. On the basis of the developments it is possible to make a conclusion that there is a possibility to create laser systems working in high frequency P-P mode with high average power above hundreds watt.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лазерная обработка</kwd><kwd>большая средняя мощность</kwd><kwd>импульсно-периодический режим</kwd><kwd>эффективность лазерных систем</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>laser treatment</kwd><kwd>high average power</kwd><kwd>pulse-periodical mode</kwd><kwd>efficiency of laser systems</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Девойно, О. Г. Модифицирование поверхности по-крытий с использованием лазерного нагрева / О. Г. Девойно, А. С. Калиниченко, М. А. Кардаполова. – Минск : БНТУ, 2013. - 230 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Devoino, O. G., Kalinichenko, A. S.,   Kardapolova, M. A. (2013) Modification of Surface Coatings While Using Laser Heating. Minsk, BNTU (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bergmann, H. W. Laser Surface Alloying of AlSi12 and AlCr2.5Zr2.5 with Transition Metals and Si / H. W. Bergmann, P. H. Gundel, A. S. Kalinichenko // OPTO Electronic Magazin. - 1988. - Vol. 4, No 5. - P. 510-517.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bergmann, H. W., Gundel, P. H.,   Kalinichenko, A. S. (1988) Laser Surface Alloying of AlSi12 and AlCr2.5Zr2.5 with Transition Metals and Si. OPTO Electronic Magazin, 4 (5), 510-517.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lekala, M. B., Laser Surface Alloying of 316L Stainless Steel with Ru and Ni Mixtures / M. B. Lekala, J. W. van der Merwe, S. L. Pityana // International Journal of Corrosion. - 2012. - Article ID 162425.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lekala, M. B., Van Der Merwe, J. W,   Pityana, S. L. (2012) Laser Surface Alloying of 316L Stainless Steel with Ru and Ni Mixtures International Journal of Corrosion, 2012, Article ID 162425. Doi: 10.1155/2012/162425.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hung-Yi, Chen. Ti6A14V Laser Alloying Process Control by Using a Self-Organizing Fuzzy Controller / Hung- Yi Chen, Shiuh-Jer Huang // International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture. - 2004. - Vol. 44. Is. 15. - P. 1653-1665.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hung-Yi, Chen,   Shiuh-Jer Huang (2004) Ti6A14V Laser Alloying Process Control by Using a Self-Organizing Fuzzy Controller. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 44 (15), 1653-1665.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Devoino, O. G. Laser Alloying of Al-Si Alloys with Transition Metals / O. G. Devoino, A. S. Kalinichenko, U. A. Kalinichenko // Proc. of 5th LANE 2007. Meisenbach, Bamberg, 2007. - P. 761-765.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Devoino, O. G., Kalinichenko, A. S.,   Kalinichenko, U. A. (2007) Laser Alloying of Al-Si Alloys with Transition Metals. Proceedings of the 5th LANE Conference, Meisenbach Verlag, 761-765.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Управление градиентами свойств в процессах упрочняющей лазерной обработки / О. Г. Девойно [и др.] // Лучевые технологии и применение лазеров: труды VII Междунар. науч.-техн. конф. - СПб.: ГПУ, 2013. - P. 203-211.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Devoino, O. G. (2013) Control Gradients Properties a Hardening Process of Laser Processing. Luchevye Tekhnologii i Primenenie Lazerov. Trudy VII Mezhdunarodnoi Nauchno- Tekhnicheskoi Konferentsii [Beam Technologies and Laser Application. Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific and Technical Conference]. Saint-Petersburg, Publishing House SpB, SPU, 203-211 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Devoino, O. G. Formation of Gradient Surface Layers by Means of Multifold Laser Alloying / O. G. Devoino,S. Kalinichenko, M. A. Kardapolova // Наука и техника. - 2014. - № 2. - С. 3-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Devoino, O. G., Kalinichenko, A. S.,   Kardapolova, M. A. (2014) Formation of Gradient Surface Layers by Means of Multifold Laser Alloying. Nauka i Tekhnika [Science and Technique], 2, 3-6 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Devoino, O. G. Methods of the Increase of Wear Resistance of Working Surfaces Applying Laser Treatment / O. G. Devoino, A. S. Kalinichenko, M. A. Kardapolova // Surface Modification. Proc. Workshop. 21-22.06.2006, Seoul. Korea. - P. 248-251.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Devoino, O. G., Kalinichenko, A. S.,   Kardapolo- va, M. A. (2006) Methods of the Increase of Wear Resistance of Working Surfaces Applying Laser Treatment. Surface Modification. Proc. Workshop. 21-22.06.2006. Seoul. Korea, 248-251.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Formation Wear-Resistant Coatings by Combination of Electrospark Alloying and Laser Treatment / M. Karda- polova [et al.] // Machine and Industrial Design in Mechanical Engineering - KOD 2012: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium. – Hungary : Balatonfured, 2012. - P. 523-526.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kardapolova, M. A. (2012) Formation Wear-Resistant Coatings by Combination of Electrospark Alloying and Laser Treatment. Machine and Industrial Design in Mechanical Engineering - KOD 2012. Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium. Balatonfured, Hungary, 523-526.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Девойно, О. Г. Лазерная обработка износостойких газотермических композиционных покрытий / О. Г. Девойно, А. С. Калиниченко, М. А. Кардаполова. – Минск : БНТУ, 2011. - 161 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Devoino, O. G., Kalinichenko, A. S.,   Kardapolova, M. A. (2011) Laser Treatment of Wear-Resistant Gas- Thermal Composite Coatings. Minsk, BNTU (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">High-Frequency Repetitively Pulsed Operating Regime in High-Power Wide-Aperture Lasers / V. V. Apollonov [et al.] // Quantum Electronics. - 2003. - Vol. 33, № 9. - P. 753-757.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Apollonov, V. V., Kiyko, V. V., Kislov, V. I, Suzdaltsev, A. G.,   Egorov, A. B. (2003) High-Frequency Repetitively Pulsed Operating Regime in High-Power Wide-Aperture Lasers. Quantum Electronics, 33 (9), 753-757. Doi: 10.1070/QE2003v033n09ABEH002496.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Apollonov, V. V. «Impulsar»: New Application for High Power High Repetition Rate Pulse-Periodic Lasers / V. V. Apollonov // Laser Pulse Phenomena and Applications. - Croatia: INTECH, 2010. - P. 29-44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Apollonov, V. V. (2010) «Impulsar»: New Application for High Power High Repetition Rate Pulse-Periodic Lasers. Laser Pulse Phenomena and Applications. Croatia, INTECH, 29-44.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
