satНАУКА и ТЕХНИКАScience & Technique2227-10312414-0392Belarusian National Technical University10.21122/2227-1031-2025-24-6-453-466sat-2912Research ArticleПРИБОРОСТРОЕНИЕINSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERINGОбзор методов измерения концентрации лактата в крови человека: эволюция, современные технологии и перспективы развитияReview of Methods for Measuring Lactate Concentration in Human Blood: Evolution, Modern Technologies, and Development ProspectsСолонецА. В.SolonetsA. V.

Кандидат педагогических наук, доцент.

г. Минск

Minsk

МоничС. Г.MonichS. G.

Адрес для переписки:Монич Сергей Геннадьевич – кандидат технических наук, доцент.Белорусский национальный технический университет просп. Независимости, 65,220013, г. Минск, Республика Беларусь Тел.: +375 (29) 856-42-05

sgmonich@bntu.by

Address for correspondence:Monich Siarhei G.Belаrusian National Technical University 65, Nezavisimosty Ave.,220013, Minsk, Republic of Belarus Tel.: +375 (29) 856-42-05

sgmonich@bntu.by

sgmonich@bntu.byБелорусский национальный технический университетБеларусьBelarusian National Technical UniversityBelarus202512122025246453466Copyright © Солонец А.В., Монич С.Г., 20252025Солонец А.В., Монич С.Г.Solonets A.V., Monich S.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sat.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2912

Статья представляет обзор эволюции современных технологий и перспектив развития методов измерения концентрации лактата в крови человека. Лактат, являясь ключевым метаболитом углеводного обмена, служит важным биомаркером для диагностики гипоксии, оценки эффективности терапии в реанимации и анализа метаболических реакций на физическую нагрузку в спортивной медицине. Прослежена историческая последовательность развития методов – от титриметрических и колориметрических до ферментативных и электрохимических технологий. Особое внимание уделено энзиматическим методам с использованием лактатдегидрогеназы и лактатоксидазы, которые стали основой для создания современных портативных экспресс-анализаторов. Рассмотрены принципы действия, достоинства и ограничения химических, энзиматических, электрохимических и микрофлюидных подходов, включая системы «лаборатория на чипе» и носимые сенсоры для непрерывного мониторинга. Показано, что развитие технологий микрофлюидных платформ обеспечивает переход лактатометрии от лабораторного анализа к интеграции в интеллектуальные и персонализированные системы контроля метаболического статуса. Отмечено, что ключевыми направлениями дальнейших исследований остаются стандартизация процедур, повышение воспроизводимости измерений, разработка неинвазивных и мультиплексных сенсоров, а также применение алгоритмов искусственного интеллекта для интерпретации больших массивов данных. Результаты обзора подчеркивают растущую роль лактатометрии в клинической диагностике и спорте высших достижений.

This article provides an overview of the evolution, current technologies, and future trends for the development of methods for measuring lactate concentration in human blood. Lactate, as a key metabolite of carbohydrate metabolism, serves as an important biomarker for the diagnosis of hypoxia, assessment of effectiveness of therapy in intensive care, and analysis of metabolic responses to physical activity in sports medicine. The historical progression of methods – from titrimetric and colorimetric approaches to enzymatic and electrochemical technologies – is analyzed in detail. Particular emphasis is placed on enzymatic methods using lactate dehydrogenase and lactate oxidase, which laid the foundation for modern portable point-of-care analyzers. The paper examines the operational principles, advantages and limitations of chemical, enzymatic, electrochemical and microfluidic systems, including lab-on-a-chip devices and wearable sensors for continuous real-time monitoring. It has been shown that the development of point-of-care and microfluidic technologies has transformed lactatometry from a laboratory-based procedure into an integrated component of intelligent and personalized metabolic monitoring systems. It was noted that the key research directions include the standardization of analytical procedures, improvement of measurement reproducibility, the development of non-invasive and multiplex sensors, and the application of artificial intelligence algorithms for data interpretation and predictive modeling. The results of the review highlight the growing role of lactate measurement in both clinical diagnostics and elite sports performance monitoring.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.