satНАУКА и ТЕХНИКАScience & Technique2227-10312414-0392Belarusian National Technical University10.21122/2227-1031-2024-23-5-427-438sat-2811Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИECONOMY IN INDUSTRYФормирование центров превосходства в России с целью стимулирования промышленного развитияFormation of Centers of Excellence in Russia for Stimulating Industrial DevelopmentКоростышевскаяЕ. М.KorostyshevskayaE. M.

Доктор экономических наук, профессор

Адрес для переписки:Коростышевская Елена Михайловна –Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет,Университетская набережная, 7/9,199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Российская ФедерацияТел.: +781 23 28-20-00e.korostyshevskaya@spbu.ru

Address for correspondence:Korostyshevskaya Elena M. –St. Petersburg State University,7/9, Universitetskaja naberezhnaja,199034, Saint Petersburg, Russian FederationТел.: +781 23 28-20-00e.korostyshevskaya@spbu.ru

e.korostyshevskaya@spbu.ruСтояноваО. В.StoianovaO. V.

Доктор технических наук, профессор

Санкт-Петербург

Saint Petersburg

Санкт-Петербургский государственный университетРоссияSt. Petersburg State UniversityRussian FederationВысшая школа экономикиРоссияNational Research University Higher School of EconomicsRussian Federation202408102024235427438Copyright © Коростышевская Е.М., Стоянова О.В., 20242024Коростышевская Е.М., Стоянова О.В.Korostyshevskaya E.M., Stoianova O.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sat.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2811

Цель исследования – на основе использования триединых контекстов обобщить опыт формирования центров превосходства в СССР и РФ за период с 1920 г. по настоящее время. Задачи исследования – идентифицировать ключевые инструменты становления и развития центров превосходства и сравнить результаты их использования с целью выявления направлений совершенствования государственной политики и механизма их усиления с учетом сложившейся экономической ситуации и стратегических перспектив развития страны. Методы исследования – индукция, дедукция, анализ и синтез, наблюдение, сравнение, систематизация, описание, эмпирический, эволюционный, системный и историко-логический подход к анализу тех или иных явлений и процессов. Проведенный анализ показал, что при разработке механизма и выборе инструментов формирования центров превосходства в современной России целесообразно учитывать опыт СССР.

The purpose of the study is to summarize the experience of forming Centers of Excellence in the USSR and the Russian Federation for the period from 1920 to the present on the basis of triune contexts. The research objectives are to identify the key tools for the formation and development of Centers of Excellence and compare the results of their use in order to identify the directions for improving state policy and the mechanism for strengthening them, taking into account the current economic situation and the strategic prospects for the country's development. The following research methods have been applied, namely: induction, deduction, analysis and synthesis, observation, comparison, systematization, description, empirical, evolutionary, systemic and historical-logical approach to the analysis of certain phenomena and processes. The results of the study have revealed the most effective mechanisms and tools for forming and stimulating the development of Centers of Excellence for the period from the 1920s to the present, and the paper also presents their evolution based on the use of triune contexts. The analysis has shown that it is advisable to take into account the experience of the USSR when developing the mechanism and selecting tools for the formation of Centers of Excellence in modern Russia.

триединые контекстыцентр превосходстватехнологический суверенитетнациональная и экономическая безопасностьвысокотехнологичные отраслисистемный подходэволюция наукитехники и технологийпромышленностьмеханизмы и инструменты стимулированияконкурентоспособностьтехнологический суверенитетдолговременная научно-техническая и промышленная политикаопережающее инновационное развитиестратегические перспективы развития страныАкадемия наук СССРtriune contextsCenter of Excellencetechnological sovereigntynational and economic securityhigh-tech industriessystem approachevolution of scienceengineering and technologyindustrymechanisms and tools of stimulationcompetitivenesstechnological sovereigntylong-term scientifictechnical and industrial policyadvanced innovative developmentReferencesКараваева, И. В. Национальная экономическая безопасность в теоретических исследованиях Института экономики РАН / И. В. Караваева // Вестник Института экономики Российской академии наук. 2020. № 2. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.