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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">НАУКА и ТЕХНИКА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Science &amp; Technique</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-1031</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0392</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Belarusian National Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/2227-1031-2024-23-5-417-426</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sat-2809</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТРАНСПОРТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TRANSPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние управляющего напряжения на эксплуатационные характеристики магнитореологического демпфера автомобиля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Control Voltage Effect on Operational Characteristics of Vehicle Magnetorheological Damper</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ле</surname><given-names>Ван Нгиа</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Le</surname><given-names>Van Nghia</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Ханой</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hanoi</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нгуен</surname><given-names>Чонг Хоан</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nguyen</surname><given-names>Trong Hoan</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес для переписки:Нгуен Чонг Хоан –Ханойский университет науки и технологий,ул. Дай Ко Вьет, 1,100000, г. Ханой, ВьетнамТел.: +84 932367577Hoan.nguyentrong@hust.edu.vn</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address for correspondence: Nguyen Trong Hoan.–Hanoi University of Science and Technology1, Dai Co Viet Street,100000, Ha Noi, Viet NamTel.: +84 932367577Hoan.nguyentrong@hust.edu.vn</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Hoan.nguyentrong@hust.edu.vn</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дам</surname><given-names>Хоанг Пхук</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dam</surname><given-names>Hoang Phuc</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Ханой</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hanoi</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нгуен</surname><given-names>Чунг Кьен</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nguyen</surname><given-names>Trung Kien</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Ханой</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hanoi</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харитончик</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharytonchyk</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belаrusian National Technical University (Minsk, Republic of Belarus)</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кусяк</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kusyak</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Belаrusian National Technical University (Minsk, Republic of Belarus)</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ханойский университет науки и технологий</institution><country>Вьетнам</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Hanoi University of Science and Technology</institution><country>Viet Nam</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дай Нам университет</institution><country>Вьетнам</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dai Nam University</institution><country>Viet Nam</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский национальный технический университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belаrusian National Technical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>417</fpage><lpage>426</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ле В.Н., Нгуен Ч.Х., Дам Х.П., Нгуен Ч.К., Харитончик С.В., Кусяк В.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ле В.Н., Нгуен Ч.Х., Дам Х.П., Нгуен Ч.К., Харитончик С.В., Кусяк В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Le V.N., Nguyen T.H., Dam H.P., Nguyen T.K., Kharytonchyk S.V., Kusyak V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sat.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2809">https://sat.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2809</self-uri><abstract><p>Учитывая все более масштабное применение магнитных жидкостей в различных отраслях промышленности, можно с уверенностью констатировать, что в ближайшем будущем магнитореологические демпферы будут широко использоваться в автомобильных подвесках адаптивного класса ввиду их эксплуатационной универсальности и несложного алгоритма управления энергией рассеивания при изменении свойств магнитной жидкости в зависимости от параметров электромагнитного поля. Эффективность гашения колебаний в процессе движения достигается за счет регулирования гидравлического сопротивления «магнитного» амортизатора посредством подачи напряжения на обмотки его катушки. Помимо физических свойств используемого в «магнитном» амортизаторе масла, на вязкость рабочей магнитореологической жидкости большое влияние оказывает форма управляющего сигнала. В статье рассматриваются теоретические аспекты построения математической модели магнитореологического демпфера и приводятся результаты компьютерного эксперимента по оценке эффективности его использования в составе адаптивной подвески легкового автомобиля. При этом фактические параметры «магнитного» амортизатора, используемые при моделировании динамического процесса, определялись экспериментально на испытательном стенде, а адекватность разработанной математической модели подтверждена результатами полунатурного эксперимента. С помощью верефицированной модели получены и сопоставлены характеристики магнитореологических демпферов при различных формах управляющего сигнала, включая прямоугольные импульсы напряжения различной частоты и коэффициента заполнения, синусоидальные импульсы и сигналы постоянного напряжения. Анализ эффективности гашения колебаний проводился на базе разработанной «четвертной» модели полуактивной подвески автомобиля с интегрированной в ее структуру верифицированной субмоделью магнитореологического демпфера. Причем сценарии моделирования основывались на выбранной стратегии управления напряжением, подаваемым на обмотки «магнитного» амортизатора. Как показали результаты теоретических и экспериментальных исследований с точек зрения энергопотребления, расширения рабочей области демпфирующей характеристики и достижения плавности управления демпфирующей силой, наиболее эффективным является использование в цепи управления синусоидального импульсного сигнала напряжения, обеспечивающего уменьшение как амплитуды, так и времени гашения колебаний. Однако при проектировании и изготовлении контроллера создание импульсного модулятора, генерирующего синусоидальные импульсы, совпадающие по фазе и частоте с колебаниями кузова автомобиля, весьма затруднительно ввиду случайного характера внешних возмущений от дорожного покрытия. При подаче на обмотку магнитореологического демпфера сигнала постоянного напряжения демпфирующие свойства подвески также улучшаются по сравнению с базовой конструкцией на основе традиционного гидравлического амортизатора. Причем прослеживается пропорциональная зависимость между вольтажом питающего демпфер напряжения, амплитудой и временем затухания колебаний кузова автомобиля. Увеличение напряжения управляющего сигнала с 1 до 2 В приводит по сравнению с пассивным управлением магнитным амортизатором к снижению максимальной амплитуды колебаний кузова автомобиля соответственно на 6,25 и 11,25 % и уменьшению времени гашения колебаний на 0,72 и 1,41 с.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Considering the increasingly large-scale application of magnetic fluids in various industries, we can confidently state that in the near future magnetorheological dampers will be widely used in adaptive automotive suspensions due to their operational flexibility and simplicity of controlling damping forces by changing the magnetic fluid properties according to parameters of surrounding electromagnetic field. The antivibration efficiency during operation is achieved by regulating the hydraulic resistance of the “magnetic” shock absorber by applying voltage to the windings of its coil. In addition to the physical properties of the oil used in the “magnetic” shock absorber, the viscosity of the working magnetorheological fluid is greatly influenced by the shape of the control signal. The paper focuses on the theoretical aspects of constructing a mathematical model of ac magnetorheological damper and presents the results of a computer experiment to assess effectiveness of its use as part of the adaptive suspension a passenger vehicle. In this case, the actual parameters of the “magnetic” shock absorber, used in modeling the dynamic process, were determined experimentally on a test bench, and the adequacy of the developed mathematical model was confirmed by the results of a semi-natural experiment. Using a verified model, the magnetorheological damper characteristics were obtained and compared for various forms of control signal, including rectangular voltage pulses of various frequencies and duty cycles, sinusoidal pulses and constant voltage signals. The analysis of the antivibration efficiency was carried out on the basis of the developed “quarter” model of a semi-active car suspension with a verified submodel of a magnetorheological damper integrated into its structure. Moreover, the simulation scenarios were based on the selected strategy for controlling the voltage supplied to the windings of the “magnetic” shock absorber. As the results of theoretical and experimental studies have shown in terms of energy consumption, expansion of the working area of the damping characteristic and achieving smooth control of the damping force, the most effective is the use of a sinusoidal pulse voltage signal in the control circuit, which ensures a reduction in both the amplitude and damping time of oscillations. However, when de-signing and manufacturing a controller, creating a pulse modulator for generating sinusoidal pulses coinciding in phase and frequency with the vibrations of the car body is very difficult due to the random nature of external disturbances from the road surface. When a constant voltage is applied to the magnetorheological damper winding, the damping properties of the suspension are also improved compared to the basic design based on a traditional hydraulic shock absorber. Moreover, there is a proportional relationship between the voltage supplying the damper, the amplitude and damping time of the vibrations of the car body is observed. An increase in the control signal voltage from 1 to 2 V leads, in comparison with passive control of a magnetic shock absorber, to a decrease in the maximum amplitude of vibrations of the car body by 6.25 and 11.25 %, respectively, and a decrease in the vibration damping time by 0.72 and 1.41 s.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>активная подвеска автомобиля</kwd><kwd>магнитореологический демпфер</kwd><kwd>модель 1/4 подвески автомобиля</kwd><kwd>модель Даля</kwd><kwd>сигналы управляющего напряжения</kwd><kwd>полунатурный эксперимент</kwd><kwd>испытание магнитореологического демпфера</kwd><kwd>имитационное моделирование</kwd><kwd>характеристики демпфирования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>active automotive suspension</kwd><kwd>magnetorheological damper</kwd><kwd>¼ car suspension model</kwd><kwd>Dahl model</kwd><kwd>control voltage signals</kwd><kwd>semi-natural experiment</kwd><kwd>magnetorheological damper testing</kwd><kwd>simulation</kwd><kwd>damping characteristics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research is funded by the Hanoi University of Science and Technology under project number T2023-PC-023.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoang Quang Tuan, Trinh Minh Hoang (2023) Simu-lation-Based Investigation of the Effects of Major Para-meters on Magnetorheological Brake Torque. 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