satНАУКА и ТЕХНИКАScience & Technique2227-10312414-0392Belarusian National Technical University10.21122/2227-1031-2024-23-3-192-203sat-2769Research ArticleМАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ И МАШИНОВЕДЕНИЕMECHANICAL ENGINEERING АND ENGINEERING SCIENCEФормирование базы данных по физическим свойствам компонентов оксидной окалины для теоретической оценки эффективности лазерной очистки углеродистых сталей и родственных технологийData Sets Formation on the Physical Properties of Oxide Scale Components for Theoretical Assessment of Efficiency Parameters of Laser Cleaning of Carbon Steels and Related ProcessesДевойноО. Г.DevoinoO. G.

Доктор технических наук, профессор

Минск

Minsk

ГорбуновА. В.GorbunovA. V.

Кандидат технических наук

Сан-Жозе-дус-Кампус

Sao Jose dos Campos

ЛапковскийА. С.LapkovskyA. S.

Минск

Minsk

ЛуцкоН. И.LutskoN. I.

Минск

Minsk

ШпакевичД. А.ShpackevitchD. A.

Минск

Minsk

ГорбуноваВ. А.GorbunovaV. A.

Кандидат химических наук, доцент 

Адрес для переписки:Горбунова Вера Алексеевна –Белорусский национальный технический университет,пр-т Независимости, 67,220013, г. Минск, Республика Беларусь.Тел.: +375 17 293-92-71ecology@bntu.by

Address for correspondence:Gorbunova Vera A. –Belаrusian National Technical University,67, Nezavisimosty Ave.,220013, Minsk, Republic of Belarus.Tel.: +375 17 293-92-71ecology@bntu.by

ecology@bntu.byКовальВ. А.KovalV. A.

Кандидат технических наук, доцент

Минск

Minsk

Белорусский национальный технический университетБеларусьBelarusian National Technical UniversityBelarusТехнологический институт аэронавтикиБразилияAeronautics Institute of TechnologyBrazil202431052024233192203Copyright © Девойно О.Г., Горбунов А.В., Лапковский А.С., Луцко Н.И., Шпакевич Д.А., Горбунова В.А., Коваль В.А., 20242024Девойно О.Г., Горбунов А.В., Лапковский А.С., Луцко Н.И., Шпакевич Д.А., Горбунова В.А., Коваль В.А.Devoino O.G., Gorbunov A.V., Lapkovsky A.S., Lutsko N.I., Shpackevitch D.A., Gorbunova V.A., Koval V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sat.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2769

В настоящее время в машиностроительных производствах имеется потребность в автоматизации технологий, в частности лазерных, для удаления оксидных слоев – окалины, ржавчины – со стальных изделий с целью улучшения энергоэффективности обработки. При этом можно использовать теоретическую оценку интенсивности нагрева оксидного слоя и фазового перехода в нем для оптимизации лазерной очистки (ЛО) поверхности стали. Для нее требуются специальный сбор и верификация данных по зависящим от температуры свойствам железосодержащих конденсированных фаз как возможных компонентов, содержащихся, в частности, в окалине, распространенной в металлоизделиях. В связи с этим в качестве задачи данной работы было принято формирование базы данных по характеристикам компонентов оксидной окалины путем подбора сведений по физическим свойствам ее компонентов и стальной основы, требующихся для надежного оценивания теплотехнических параметров эффективности технологии лазерной очистки углеродистых сталей, а также активно внедряемых родственных технологий – лазерной резки, сверления, оплавления покрытий и др. Аналитический обзор опубликованных экспериментальных данных позволил систематизировать сведения по ряду переносных и других свойств железосодержащих компонентов при атмосферном давлении в области от 298 К до температур плавления металлических и оксидных фаз и выше них. При этом предварительная расчетная термохимическая оценка показала существование таких термодинамически стабильных конденсированных фаз в пятне нагрева окалины при ее ЛО в точке плавления и выше, как Fe3O4, FeO и Fe, что согласуется и с известными опытными данными. Сравнение определенных нами (по опубликованным значениям k, ρ и теплоемкости и с применением экстраполяции в высокотемпературной области) значений a для рассматриваемых видов компонентов окалины с набором имеющихся в современной литературе опытных велечин этого параметра выявило наличие отличий как для оксидных, так и металлических фаз. Новые значения заполняют пробел в области температур 1600–1800 К, имевшийся к данному моменту по температуропроводности. Также нами получено значение a = (0,83–0,92) × 10–6 м2/с для расплава оксида двухвалентного железа при температуре T ≈ 1800 К, не определявшееся ранее экспериментально, что мешало проведению корректного численного моделирования как лазерных процессов поверхностной термообработки, плавления и очистки сталей, так и расчетам в области металлургических и иных технологий, для которых характерно наличие зон с железооксидными расплавами в ходе нагрева.

There is a need in machine-building industries nowadays to automate technologies, in particular, laser ones, to remove surface oxide layers – mill scale, rust – from steel products/pieces in order to improve the energy effectiveness of processing. Herewith, a theoretical assessment method for the intensity of heating of the oxide layer and the phase transition in it can be used to optimize laser cleaning (LC) of the steel surface. To realize this, it is possible to use some calculation and modeling procedures that require, as a first step, the data collection and verification on the temperature-dependent properties of iron-containing condensed phases, as possible components contained, in particular, in scale, which is typically widespread into various metal products. In this regard, the formation of database for characteristics of oxide scale components by the way of selection of information on thermophysical (including optical) properties of the components mentioned and of steel base, which are required for a reliable calculation of the thermal efficiency parameters of the technology for laser cleaning of carbon steels, as well as such actively developed related technologies as laser cutting, drilling, coating remelting, etc., was chosen as the task of our research. An analytical overview of published experimental data made it possible to systematize information on a number of transport and other physical properties of iron-containing components at ambient pressure, including thermal conductivity (k) and diffusivity (a), density ρ, irradiation absorptance and integral emissivity in the temperature range from T ≈ 298 K to the melting temperatures of oxide and metal phases and above them. At the same time, a preliminary thermochemical estimation shows (on the calculated data) the existence of such thermodynamically stable forms of the condensed phase in the heating spot of scale layers during its LC at the melting point and above it, as Fe3O4, FeO, and Fe, which is consistent with known experimental data. Comparison of the values of a calculated by us (using the published values of k, ρ and molar heat capacity and using extrapolation in the high-temperature region) for the types of scale components under consideration with a set of experimental values of this parameter in current literature revealed the presence of differences for both oxide and metal phases. These new values make it possible to fill in a gap in the temperature range T = 1600–1800 K that existed in the data on the thermal diffusivity. The value of a = (0.83–0.92)·10–6 m2/s was also calculated for liquid iron oxide for the T ≈ 1800 K, which was not measured experimentally, that, obviously, prevented modeling of not only laser surface processing, melting and cleaning of steels, but also calculations in the field of metallurgical and other technologies, which are characterized by the presence of iron oxide melts during heating.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.