satНАУКА и ТЕХНИКАScience & Technique2227-10312414-0392Belarusian National Technical University10.21122/2227-1031-2024-23-2-151-162sat-2762Research ArticleТРАНСПОРТTRANSPORTВлияние коэффициента сцепления шин с дорогой на потребляемую энергию и динамику аккумуляторных электромобилейThe Influence of Road Adhesion Coefficient on Energy Consumption and Dynamics of Battery Electric VehiclesЛеНань ТханьLeNhan Thanh

Аспирант

Ханой

Hanoi

ДамПхук ХоангDamPhuc Hoang

Адрес для переписки:Дам Хоанг Пхук –Ханойский университет науки и технологий,ул. Дай Ко Вьет, 1,100000, г. Ханой, ВьетнамТел.: +84 932367577Phuc.damhoang@hust.edu.vn

Hanoi

Phuc.damhoang@hust.edu.vnЛеТай Минь ХуэLeTai Minh Hue

Аспирант

Ханой

Hanoi

ХаритончикС. В.KharytonchykS. V.

Доктор технических наук, профессор

Минск

Minsk

КусякВ. А.KusyakV. A.

Кандидат технических наук, доцент

Минск

Minsk

НгуенКонг ТханьNguyenCong Thanh

Кандидат технических наук, доцент

Ханой

Hanoi

Ханойский университет науки и технологийВьетнамHanoi University of Science and TechnologyViet NamХанойский университет науки и технологий; Университет науки и технологий ХанояВьетнамHanoi University of Science and Technology; University of Science and Technology of HanoiViet NamБелорусский национальный технический университетБеларусьBelаrusian National Technical UniversityBelarusУниверситет транспорта и коммуникацийВьетнамUniversity of Transport and CommunicationsViet Nam202405042024232151162Copyright © Ле Н.Т., Дам П.Х., Ле Т.Х., Харитончик С.В., Кусяк В.А., Нгуен К.Т., 20242024Ле Н.Т., Дам П.Х., Ле Т.Х., Харитончик С.В., Кусяк В.А., Нгуен К.Т.Le N.T., Dam P.H., Le T.H., Kharytonchyk S.V., Kusyak V.A., Nguyen C.T.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sat.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2762

В настоящее время в экономически развитых странах электромобили рассматриваются как решение проблемного вопроса по сокращению выбросов парниковых газов от мобильных транспортных средств. Уровень потребляемой энергии электромобилем является решающим фактором, определяющим общую производительность транспортного средства на электрической тяге. В статье анализируется влияние коэффициента сцепления шин с дорогой на потребляемую энергию аккумуляторным электромобилем при эксплуатации в типичных стандартных ездовых циклах. Для оценки потребляемой энергии при движении с различными коэффициентами сцепления шин используется продольная динамическая модель электромобиля, позволяющая учитывать различные режимы вождения («эко», «комфорт», «спорт») и скольжение ведущих колес в контакте с дорожным покрытием. Разработанная модель, построенная на основе субмоделей таких основных компонентов электромобиля, как электрический двигатель и тяговая аккумуляторная батарея, включает субмодели динамики шин и кузова, а также субмодель логики действий водителя с ПИД-регулятором в цепи управления для отслеживания заданных траекторий движения транспортного средства. Для определения внешних рабочих характеристик тягового электродвигателя на различных режимах работы силового агрегата и идентификации ряда других входных параметров для математического моделирования и оценки адекватности имитационной модели была проведена серия экспериментов с легковым электромобилем VinFast Vf e34 на динамометрическом испытательном стенде. Результаты моделирования по максимальному пройденному расстоянию электромобилем на одном заряде батарей сопоставляются с экспериментальными данными завода-производителя при эксплуатации испытуемого автомобиля в стандартном европейском ездовом цикле. Предлагаются сценарии моделирования процессов разгона с различными режимами ускорения для анализа влияния коэффициента сцепления шин с дорогой на динамические характеристики электромобиля и уровень потребляемой энергии. Приводятся результаты компьютерных экспериментов по определению потребляемой электромобилем энергии при движении в различных ездовых циклах с различными коэффициентами сцепления шин с опорной поверхностью дорожного покрытия. Полученные результаты показывают значительное влияние коэффициента сцепления шин на расход потребляемой электромобилем энергии в различных ездовых циклах, особенно на дороге с низким коэффициентом сцепления.

 

Currently, in economically developed countries, electric vehicles are considered as a solution to the problematic issue of reducing greenhouse gas emissions from road vehicles. The level of energy consumption is a critical factor in determining the overall performance of an electric vehicle. The article analyzes the influence of tire adhesion coefficient on the energy consumption of a battery electric vehicle when operating in typical standard driving cycles. In order to estimate the energy consumption during driving with different tire adhesion coefficients an electric vehicle longitudinal dynamic model is used, which allows taking into account various driving modes (Eco, Comfort, Sport) and sliding of the drive wheels in contact with the road surface. The proposed model, based on submodels of such main components of an electric vehicle as an electric motor and a traction battery, includes tire and vehicle body dynamics submodels, as well as a human-driver submodel with PID controller in the control circuit to track given trajectories. A series of experiments with the VinFast Vf e34 passenger electric vehicle on a dynamometer test bench were carried out to determine the electric motor’s performance characteristics at various operating modes and identify many other input parameters for simulation and verifying the mathematical model accuracy. The simulation results of the distance traveled by an electric vehicle on a single charge are compared withthe manufacturer's experimental data during operating the test vehicle in the standard European driving cycle. Simulation scenarios with different accelerating modes are proposed to analyze the influence of the adhesion coefficient on the EV’s dynamic characteristics and the level of energy consumption. The simulation results on the determination of the energy consumed by an electric vehicle when moving in various driving cycles with road adhesion coefficients are presented in the activity. The given results show the significant impact of the adhesion coefficient on electric vehicle energy consumption in various standard driving cycles, especially on low-grip roads. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.