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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">НАУКА и ТЕХНИКА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Science &amp; Technique</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-1031</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0392</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Belarusian National Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/2227-1031-2020-19-4-339-348</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sat-2345</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MECHANICAL ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Меры по уменьшению стука в газовом двигателе внутреннего сгорания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Knock Reduction Measures in the Gas Fuelled Internal Combustion Engine</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швайя</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Szwaja</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес для переписки: Швайя Станислав – Ченстоховский технологический университет, ул. Дабровскего, 69, 42-201, г. Ченстохова, Республика Польша. Тел.: +48 343 250-524</p><p>szwaja@imc.pcz.czest.pl</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address for correspondence: Szwaja Stanislaw – Czestochowa University of Technology, 69, Dabrowskiego str., 42-201, Czestochowa, Republic of Poland. Tel.: +48 343 250-524</p><p>szwaja@imc.pcz.czest.pl</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">szwaja@imc.pcz.czest.pl</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ченстоховский технологический университет</institution><country>Польша</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Czestochowa University of Technology</institution><country>Poland</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>339</fpage><lpage>348</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Швайя С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Швайя С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Szwaja S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sat.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2345">https://sat.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2345</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье изучается влияние различных технологий на уменьшение детонации при сгорании. Среди рассматриваемых вопросов следует упомянуть следующие: сверхрасширенный цикл, регулируемые фазы газораспределения, внутренняя рециркуляция и рециркуляция отработанных газов, обеднение горючей смеси и охлаждение заряда в цилиндре. Исследования направлены на изучение влияния используемых технологий на снижение интенсивности детонации, вредных выбросов и работу двигателя. Результаты испытаний получены в ходе экспериментальных исследований, основанных на сборе данных о давлении сгорания в цилиндрах. Кроме того, изучались методы расчета интенсивности детонации. Эти методы основаны на пульсациях давления сгорания в цилиндрах. Интенсивность детонации сгорания, выраженная максимальным пиком пульсаций давления в цилиндре, показывает отрицательную корреляцию с отношением как рециркуляции отработанных газов, так и с отношением относительной эквивалентности – лямбда. Что касается каталитического нейтрализатора, установленного на линии выхлопной трубы, применение рециркуляции отработанных газов представляется лучшим решением для уменьшения детонации с последующим обеднением горючей смеси, поскольку каталитическому нейтрализатору требуется стехиометрическая смесь для эффективного подавления окислов азота. При этом применение чрезмерно расширенного цикла к двигателю внутреннего сгорания, работающему на водороде или коксовом газе, снижает интенсивность потенциальной детонации на 50 % по сравнению с циклом Отто при всех нагрузках. Кроме всего прочего, чрезмерно расширенный цикл способствует увеличению теплового коэффициента полезного действия двигателя. Обобщая результаты исследований, можно сказать, что все предложенные меры и технологии могут быть успешно реализованы на практике в стационарных двигателях, а также в тяговых двигателях, работающих на природном газе или газообразном возобновляемом топливе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Studies on the influence of applying various technologies for combustion knock reduction have been presented in the paper. Among others, investigation concerning the following: over-expanded cycle, variable valve timing, internal and exhaust gas recirculation, leaning the combustible mixture and cooling the in-cylinder charge were of the interest. The research works were focused on impact of these technologies on both knock intensity reduction, and engine performance and toxic emissions. Results presented in the paper were coming from experimental investigation based on in-cylinder combustion pressure data acquisition. Additionally, knock intensity calculation methods were discussed. They are based on incylinder combustion pressure pulsations. Combustion knock intensity expressed by the maximum peak of the incylinder pressure pulsations shows a strong negative correlation with both the EGR ratio and relative equivalence ratio – lambda. With respect to a catalytic converter installed on the exhaust pipe line, applying EGR appears as better solution for knock reduction then leaning the combustible mixture because the catalytic converter needs stoichiometric mixture for effective NOx reduction. Furthermore, application of the over-expanded cycle to the hydrogen or coke gas fueled IC engine significantly reduces intensity of potential knock by 50 % in comparison to Otto cycle for all loads. Additionally, over-expanded cycle contributes to increase in engine thermal efficiency. Summing up, all the presented measures and technologies can be successfully implemented into practice in stationary engines as well as in traction engines, both of them working on either natural gas or gaseous renewable fuels.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>горение</kwd><kwd>стук</kwd><kwd>скорость выделения теплоты</kwd><kwd>водород</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>combustion</kwd><kwd>knock</kwd><kwd>heat release rate</kwd><kwd>hydrogen</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 691232 – Knocky – H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015/H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015 and the research was additionally co-financed by Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education within the frame of science support funds for international co-funded projects in 2016–2019.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">White C. 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