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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">НАУКА и ТЕХНИКА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Science &amp; Technique</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-1031</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0392</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Belarusian National Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/2227-1031-2018-17-6-502-507</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sat-1901</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CIVIL AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Алгоритм расчета трещиностойкости бетона в раннем возрасте при капиллярной усадке по обобщенному критерию</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Algorithm of Plastic Concrete Crack Resistance is Calculation under Capillary Shrinkage Using Generalizing Criteria</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леонович</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leonovich</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор технических наук, профессор</p><p>Адрес для переписки: Леонович Сергей Николаевич – Белорусский национальный технический университет, просп. Независимости, 150, 220014, г. Минск. Тел.: +375 17 265-96-76     leonovichsn@tut.by</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address for correspondence: Leonovich Sergey N. – Belаrusian National Technical University, 150 Nezavisimosty Ave., 220014, Minsk, Republic of Belarus. Tel.: +375 17 265-96-76     leonovichsn@tut.by</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leonovichsn@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский национальный технический университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian National Technical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>502</fpage><lpage>507</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Леонович С.Н., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Леонович С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Leonovich S.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sat.bntu.by/jour/article/view/1901">https://sat.bntu.by/jour/article/view/1901</self-uri><abstract><p>Разработан метод расчета трещиностойкости бетона в раннем возрасте при капиллярной усадке с использованием подходов механики разрушения, который опирается на концепцию накопления дефектов в структуре в виде пор, капилляров и трещин до их критической концентрации Сс. При этом рассматривается процесс на двух стадиях: на первой – процесс образования и развития дефектов и на второй – процесс, непосредственно сопровождающий разрушения (фрагментацию) при критической концентрации дефектов. В качестве теоретической основы метода приняты физические представления о механизме приращения объема пустотности трещин в модели бетона, представленной как двухуровневая структура: матрица затвердевшего цементного камня с включениями и пустоты различной формы (трещины) как результат внешних воздействий, изменяющих напряженно-деформированное состояние. Установлен основной расчетный критерий метода – обобщенный суммарный параметр трещиностойкости , вычисляемый на основании модельных схем развития, объединения, локализации системы трещин, их классификации по видам и относительному количеству в объеме при начальной концентрации, возрастающей до критической, что обусловлено физическими процессами капиллярной усадки. Базируясь на рассмотренных закономерностях процесса разрушения бетона, предложено разделить все дефекты структуры, как исходные, так и развившиеся в результате силовых и несиловых воздействий, на пять основных типов. Содержание пор и трещин первых четырех типов зависит от пористости бетона, а типа V – и от объемного содержания зерен мелкого или крупного заполнителя. Каждому виду повреждений соответствует свой коэффициент интенсивности напряжений, степень влияния и величина которого на общую трещиностойкость материала зависят от количества данного вида пор и трещин в объеме бетона. Предложен новый научно обоснованный алгоритм расчета трещиностойкости при усадке бетона в раннем возрасте по обобщенному критерию, содержащий последовательность операций расчета как для целей подбора состава с учетом влияющих на капиллярное давление факторов и по характеристикам свойств компонентов бетона, его технологическим параметрам, так и для определения остаточного ресурса бетона по его составу и свойствам, а также по образцам, отобранным из конструкций в раннем возрасте.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The method of concrete crack-resistance prediction at early age is developed at capillary shrinkage with use of approaches of fracture mechanics, which is guided by the concept of accumulation of defects in structure in the form of capillaries and cracks to their critical concentration of Cc. At the same time process at two stages is considered: on the first – process of formation and growth of defects and on the second – the process, which is directly accompanying destructions (fragmentation) at critical concentration of defects. As a theoretical basis of a method physical ideas of the increment volume mechanism of hollowness of cracks in the concrete model, presented as two-level structure are accepted: a matrix of the hardened cement stone with inclusions and emptiness of various form (crack) as result of the external influences, changing the intense deformed state. The main criterion of a method – the generalized total parameter of crack-resistance calculated on the basis of model schemes of growth, association, localization of cracks system, their classification by types and relative quantity in volume at the initial concentration increasing to critical, that is caused by physical processes of capillary shrinkage is established. Being based on the considered regularities of process of concrete destruction, it is offered to divide all defects of structure, both initial, and developed as a result of power and not power influences, into 5 main types. The amount of pores and cracks of the first four types depends on concrete porosity, and type V – and on the volume content of grains of small or coarse aggregate. To each type of damages, there corresponds the stress intensity factor, extent of influence and which value on the general crack resistance of material depend on quantity of this type of pores and cracks in concrete volume. The new evidence-based algorithm of crack resistance calculation at concrete shrinkage at early age by the generalized criterion, which contains the sequence of operations of calculation as for selection of structure, taking into account the factors, influencing capillary pressure and according to characteristics of properties of concrete components, its technological parameters, and for residual resource definition of concrete on its structure and properties, and also on the samples, which are selected from structures at early age is offered.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алгоритм</kwd><kwd>расчет</kwd><kwd>трещиностойкость</kwd><kwd>пластический бетон (в раннем возрасте)</kwd><kwd>капиллярная усадка</kwd><kwd>обобщенный критерий</kwd><kwd>коэффициент интенсивности напряжений</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>algorithm</kwd><kwd>calculation</kwd><kwd>crack-resistance</kwd><kwd>plastic (early age) concrete</kwd><kwd>capillary shrinkage</kwd><kwd>generalizing criteria</kwd><kwd>stress intensity factor</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leonovich S. N. (2018) Modeling of Capillary Shrinkage and Crack Formation of Concrete at Early Age. Nauka i Tekhnika = Science&amp;Technique, 17 (4), 265–277. https://doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2018-17-4-265-277.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leonovich S. N. (2018) Modeling of Capillary Shrinkage and Crack Formation of Concrete at Early Age. Nauka i Tekhnika = Science&amp;Technique, 17 (4), 265–277. https://doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2018-17-4-265-277.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leonovich S. N., Litvinovskii D. A., Chernyakevich O. Yu., Stepanova A. V. (2016) Strength, Crack Resistance and Durability of Constructional Concrete at Corrosive and Temperature Attacks. 2 Volumes. Minsk, Belarusian National Technical University (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leonovich S. N., Litvinovskii D. A., Chernyakevich O. Yu., Stepanova A. V. (2016) Strength, Crack Resistance and Durability of Constructional Concrete at Corrosive and Temperature Attacks. 2 Volumes. Minsk, Belarusian National Technical University (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leonovich S., Shalyi E., Falaleeva N., Kim L. (2016) The Influence of Carbon Dioxide on the Durability of Offshore Concrete. 26 International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference, ISOPE-2016, Rhodes, Greece, June 26 – July 1, 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leonovich S., Shalyi E., Falaleeva N., Kim L. (2016) The Influence of Carbon Dioxide on the Durability of Offshore Concrete. 26 International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference, ISOPE-2016, Rhodes, Greece, June 26 – July 1, 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leonovich S., Zaitsev Yu., Tsuprik V., Kim L. (2016) Frost Destruction and Fracture Mechanics of Concrete. Polyarnaya Mekhanika: Materialy Tret'ei Mezhdunar. Konf., 27–30 Sent. 2016, Vladivostok [Polar Mechanics: Materials of Third International Conference, September 27–30, 2016, Vladivostok]. Vladivostok, Far Eastern Federal University, 687–693.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leonovich S., Zaitsev Yu., Tsuprik V., Kim L. (2016) Frost Destruction and Fracture Mechanics of Concrete. Polyarnaya Mekhanika: Materialy Tret'ei Mezhdunar. Konf., 27–30 Sent. 2016, Vladivostok [Polar Mechanics: Materials of Third International Conference, September 27–30, 2016, Vladivostok]. Vladivostok, Far Eastern Federal University, 687–693.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Snezhkov D. Yu., Leonovich S. N. (2016) Monitoring of Built and Operated Reinforced Concrete Structures by Nondestructive Methods. Minsk, Belarusian National Technical University. 330 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Snezhkov D. Yu., Leonovich S. N. (2016) Monitoring of Built and Operated Reinforced Concrete Structures by Nondestructive Methods. Minsk, Belarusian National Technical University. 330 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Snezhkov D. Yu., Becker A. T., Leonovich S. N., Kim L. V. (2016) Control of Steel Concrete Constructions by Nondestructive Methods. Vladivostok, Far Eastern Federal University. CD-ROM (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Snezhkov D. Yu., Becker A. T., Leonovich S. N., Kim L. V. (2016) Control of Steel Concrete Constructions by Nondestructive Methods. Vladivostok, Far Eastern Federal University. CD-ROM (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zaytsev Yu. V., Leonovich S. N., Schneider U. (2011) Structure, Durability and Fracture Mechanics of Concrete at Two-Axis and Three-Axis Compression. Minsk, Belarusian National Technical University. 381 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zaytsev Yu. V., Leonovich S. N., Schneider U. (2011) Structure, Durability and Fracture Mechanics of Concrete at Two-Axis and Three-Axis Compression. Minsk, Belarusian National Technical University. 381 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eberhardsteiner Y., Leonovich S., Zaytsev Yu. V. N. (2013) Strength, Crack-Resistance and Durability of Constructional Construction Materials at Difficult Tension. Minsk, Belarusian National Technical University. 522 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eberhardsteiner Y., Leonovich S., Zaytsev Yu. V. N. (2013) Strength, Crack-Resistance and Durability of Constructional Construction Materials at Difficult Tension. Minsk, Belarusian National Technical University. 522 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leonovich S. N., Litvinovsky D. A., Kim L. V. (2015) Strength, Crack Resistance and Durability of Constructional Concrete at Influence of High Temperatures. Vladivostok, Far Eastern Federal University. 148 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leonovich S. N., Litvinovsky D. A., Kim L. V. (2015) Strength, Crack Resistance and Durability of Constructional Concrete at Influence of High Temperatures. Vladivostok, Far Eastern Federal University. 148 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zemlyakov G. V., Knyazev M. A., Trofimenko E. E., Leonovich S. N. (2012) Two-Solitonic Solution of Task about Destruction of Core. Doklady Natsional’noi Akademii Nauk Belarusi = Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 56 (3), 87–91 (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zemlyakov G. V., Knyazev M. A., Trofimenko E. E., Leonovich S. N. (2012) Two-Solitonic Solution of Task about Destruction of Core. Doklady Natsional’noi Akademii Nauk Belarusi = Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 56 (3), 87–91 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
